11th-century Catholicism

division of Christianity into two large parts in 1054

conflict between church and state in medieval Europe over the ability to appoint local church officials

1076 ritual submission of Emperor Henry IV

series of papal reforms in the 11th century

1061 election of the Catholic pope

1073 election of the Catholic pope

The Crescentii (in modern Italian Crescenzi) were a baronial family, attested in Rome from the beginning of the 10th century and which in fact ruled the city and the election of the popes until the beginning of the 11th century.

Papal election

1088 election of the Catholic pope

1086 election of the Catholic pope

emancipation from ecclesiastical authority, which guided the movement of Reform begun in the 11th century

book by St. Peter Damian

period of papal history from 1012 to 1048

Wikimedia list article

era in the history of the papacy

Pilgrimage to Jerusalem