1249 births

King of Denmark

Emperor of Japan

Count of Flanders (1249-1322)

Austrian duke

mathematician of Yuan dynasty (during the reign of Temür Khan), inventor of Chinese quaternion, Si yuan shu (四元術) and stacking technique Duo ji shu (垛積術)

German duke

Brother of Ottoman Sultan, Osman I

Catalan rabbi, Talmudist and Maimonidean

Norman Franciscan, theologian, and philosopher

regent of England from 1286 to 1289

abbess of St. Agneta

Aldobrandesca (also known as Alda) (, Siena, Italy – ) was an Italian saint and mystic. A short description of her life was published in 1584, which was later translated into Latin and published in the Acta Sanctorum.

Chinese scholar and poet (1249–1333)