12th-century alchemists

12th-century English natural philosopher

Scottish mathematician and scholar (1175–c.1232)

Abū al-Fath Abd al-Rahman Mansūr al-Khāzini or simply al-Khāzini (; flourished 1115–1130) was an Iranian astronomer, mechanician and physicist of Byzantine Greek origin who lived during the Seljuk Empire. His astronomical tables, written under the patronage of Sultan Sanjar ('''', 1115), are considered to be one of the major works in mathematical astronomy of the medieval period. He is considered to have been one of the greatest scientists of his era, among the greatest makers of scientific instruments of any time, and as "the physicist of all physicists".

founder of Qingjing lineage in Quanzhen Taoism

Artephius (or Artefius) (c. 1150) is a writer to whom a number of alchemical texts are ascribed. Although the roots of the texts are unclear and the identity of their author obscure, at least some of them are Arabic in origin. He is named as the author of several books, the Ars sintrillia, Clavis sapientiae or Clavis maioris sapientiae, and Liber secretus.