12th-century Christians

Kuchlug (also spelled Küchlüg, Küçlüg, Güčülüg, Quqluq) (; ; d. 1218) was a member of the Naiman tribe who became the last emperor of the Western Liao dynasty (Qara Khitai). The Naimans were defeated by Genghis Khan and he fled westward to the Western Liao, where he became an advisor to his future father-in-law Yelü Zhilugu. He later rebelled, usurped the throne and took control of the empire, putting an end to the rule of the House of Yelü. He was killed in 1218 by the Mongols and the domain of the Western Liao was absorbed into the Mongol Empire.

Italo-Norman duke of Amalfi