12th-century Iranian philosophers

12th-century Sunni Muslim theologian and philosopher

Persian philosopher and founder of the school of Illuminationism

Tāj al-Dīn Abū al-Fath Muhammad ibn `Abd al-Karīm ash-Shahrastānī (; 1086–1153 CE), also known as Muhammad al-Shahrastānī, was an influential Persian historian of religions, a historiographer, Islamic scholar, philosopher and theologian. His book, Kitab al-Milal wa al-Nihal (lit. The Book of Sects and Creeds) was one of the pioneers in developing an objective and philosophical approach to the study of religions.

Iranian writer and academic

Iranian historian and physician

Iranian philosopher and poet