12th-century neologisms

thumb|upright|A group of friars; novices of the Order of Augustinian Recollects at the Monastery of Monteagudo in 2006 A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Catholic Church. There are also friars outside of the Catholic Church, such as within the Evangelical-Lutheran Churches and Anglican Communion. The term, first used in the 12th or 13th century, distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their vow of stability. A

was a after Heiji and before Ōhō. This period spanned the years from January 1160 through September 1161. The reigning emperor was .

Japanese era from April 1171 to July 1175

was a after Hōgen and before Eiryaku. This period lasted from April 1159 until January 1160. The reigning emperor was .

was a after Bunji and before Shōji. This period spanned the years from April 1190 through April 1199. The reigning emperor was .

was a after Tennin and before Eikyū. This period spanned the years from July 1110 through July 1113. The reigning emperor was .

was a after Eiryaku and before Chōkan. This period spanned the years from September 1161 through March 1163. The reigning emperor was .

Japanese era from April 1156 to April 1159

Japanese era from 1126 to 1131

, also known as Ninnan, was a after Eiman and before Kaō. This period spanned the years from August 1166 through April 1169. The reigning emperors were and .

was a after Chōkan and before ''Nin'an.'' This period spanned the years from June 1165 through August 1166. The reigning emperor was .

, also romanized as Kashō, was a after Chōji and before Tennin. This period spanned the years from April 1106 through August 1108. The reigning emperors were and .

was a after Yōwa and before Genryaku. This period spanned the years from May 1182 through March 1184. The reigning emperors were Antoku-tennō (安徳天皇) and .

was a after Angen and before Yōwa. This period spanned the years from August 1177 through July 1181. The reigning emperors were and .

Japanese era from August 1108 to July 1110

, also romanized as Kyū-an, was a after ''Ten'yō and before Ninpei.'' This period spanned the years from July 1145 through January 1151. The reigning emperor was .

Japanese era from August 1185 to April 1190

was a after ''Gen'ei and before Tenji.'' This period spanned the years from April 1120 through April 1124. The reigning emperors were and .

was a after Kōji and before Kyūan. This period spanned the year from February 1144 through July 1145. The reigning emperor was .

Japanese era from April 1124 to 1126

Japanese era from April 1142 to February 1144

Japanese era from April 1199 to February 1201

was a after Juei and before Bunji. This period spanned the years from April 1184 through August 1185. The reigning emperors were and .

was a after Ōhō and before Eiman. This period spanned the years from March 1163 through June 1165. The reigning emperors were and .

was a after Eikyū and before Hōan. This period spanned the years from April 1118 through April 1120. The reigning emperor was .

was a after Tenshō and before Hōen. This period spanned the years from August 1132 through November 1135. The reigning emperor was .

was a after Kōwa and before Kajō. This period spanned the years from February 1104 through April 1106. The reigning emperor was .

was a after Jōan and before Jishō. This period spanned the years from July 1175 through August 1177. The reigning emperor was .

Japanese era from July 1141 to April 1142

, also romanized as Nimpyō, was a after Kyūan and before Kyūju. This period spanned the years from January 1151 through October 1154. The reigning emperor was .

was a after Jishō and before Juei. This period spanned the years from July 1181 through May 1182. The reigning emperor was .

was a after Ten-ei and before ''Gen'ei.'' This period spanned the years from July 1113 through April 1118. The reigning emperor was .

third-person feminine singular personal pronoun