1556 deaths

Spanish Catholic priest and theologian (1491–1556)

16th-century Azerbaijani poet

Nasir al-Din Muhammad (, 6 March 1508 – 27 January 1556), commonly known by his regnal name Humayun (, ), was the second Mughal emperor, who ruled over territory in what is now eastern Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Northern India, and Pakistan from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to his death in 1556. At the time of his death, the Mughal Empire spanned almost one million square kilometers.

leader of the English Reformation and Archbishop of Canterbury

Italian author, playwright, poet, satirist, and blackmailer (1492-1556)

German composer and music theorist

Hemu (; also known as Hemu Vikramaditya and Hemchandra Vikramaditya; died 5 November 1556) was an Indian emperor who previously served as a general and Wazir of Adil Shah Suri of Sur Empire during a period in Indian history when Mughals and Afghans were vying for power across North India. He fought Afghan rebels across North India from Punjab to Bengal and Mughal forces of Humayun and Akbar in Agra and Delhi, winning 22 battles for Adil Shah Suri.

Roman Catholic archbishop (1503–1556)

Prince-elector of the Palatinate from 1544 to 1556

Italian poet

Italian physician and botanist (1490-1556)

Venetian diplomat (1489-1556)

English explorer and navigator

Sengoku period Japanese samurai

Old Testament scholar and a correspondent of Desiderius Erasmus

Italian painter (1501-1556)

Spanish poet

Patriarch of Constantinople

Hungarian poet

Imperial ambassador to the court of Henry VIII

Luxembourgish historian

Spanish conquistador

Anabaptist leader, painter (1501-1556)

English playwright

German-French bookseller-printer (1493-1556)

Italian cardinal and diplomat

French politician

English peer, d. 1556

Portuguese writer

Icelandic bible translator

Roman catholic cardinal

German educationist

Italian painter (1508–1556)

Lord of Van Brederode and Vianen (1492-1556)

Prince-bishop of Hildesheim

Franco-Flemish composer

Portuguese priest and bishop of Brazil

Italian philologist

16th-century Russian Orthodox monk and Christian saint

German Anabaptist leader

15th-century Odia seer-poet, author of Dandi Ramayana & Lakhmi Purana

bishop of Cambrai

Italian painter (1500-1556)

English politician and courtier (1500-1556) of Chebsey, Staffordshire

Archbishop-Elector of Cologne, Count of Schauenburg and Holstein-Pinneberg

emperor of Đại Việt

French alchemist

Mameshbirde (, , , ) (died 1556) was a rebel commander during Kazan War for the independence of Kazan Khanate in 1552–1556. According to legend, he was a son of Mari noble and Chuvash noble woman.

German artist (1490-1556)

Italian writer

Court official

the sixth son of Oda Nobuhide, a feudal warlord in Owari Province, Japan, during the Sengoku period

Chinese pirate (died 1556)

Italian jurist (1482-1556)

Spanish botanist (1500-1556)

Spanish conquistador

Woman executed for witchcraft

Archbishop of Trier

English martyr

English poet and Baron (1509-1556)