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1588 births

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Thomas Hobbes
English philosopher (1588–1679)
Marin Mersenne
French theologian, philosopher, mathematician and music theorist, often referred to as the "father of acoustics" (1588-1648)
Constance of Austria
Queen consort of Poland and Sweden
John Winthrop
Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay and Author of "City upon a Hill" (1588-1649)
Hendrick ter Brugghen
Dutch painter (1588-1629)
Ole Worm
Danish scientist (1588–1654)
Henri, Prince of Condé
French prince
Matthias Gallas
Italian-Austrian nobleman and professional soldier
Johann Heinrich Alsted
German theologist (1558-1638)
Catherine de Vivonne, marquise de Rambouillet
French noble
François de La Mothe Le Vayer
French philosopher and writer (1588–1672)
Pierre Séguier
Ancien Régime office-holder (1588-1672)
Isaac Beeckman
Dutch philosopher and scientist
Johann von Aldringen
Nobleman
Duke Adolf Friedrich I, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1588-1658)
Jan Janssonius
Dutch cartographer and publisher (1588–1664)
Claudius Salmasius
French classical scholar, writer and professor in Leiden (1588-1653)
Margherita Aldobrandini
Noblewoman (1588-1646)
Matei Basarab
Voivode of Wallachia
Ligdan Khan
Khagan of the Mongols
Étienne Pascal
French mathematician and tax collector
Alessandro Varotari
Alessandro Leone Varotari (4 April 1588 – 20 July 1649), also commonly known as Il Padovanino, was a Venetian painter of the late-Mannerist and early-Baroque Venetian school, best known for having mentored Pietro Liberi, Giulio Carpioni, and Bartolommeo Scaligero. He was the son of Dario Varotari the Elder and the brother of painter Chiara Varotari, who accompanied him on his travels and assisted with his work.
Julius Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Weiltingen
Duke of Württemberg-Weiltingen (1588-1635)
Nicolaes Eliaszoon Pickenoy
Dutch painter of Flemish origin (1588-1650)
William Seymour, 2nd Duke of Somerset
Duke of Somerset (1588-1660)
Cassiano dal Pozzo
Italian scholar and art patron (1588-1657)
Louise Marguerite of Lorraine
French princess
Prince Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy
Savoyard Royal and Viceroy of Sicily (1588-1624)
Jacqueline de Bueil
mistress of King Henry IV
Claude Deruet
French painter (1588-1660)
Johann Andreas Herbst
German composer
Nicholas Lanier
English composer, singer, lutenist and painter (1588-1666)
Luke Wadding
Irish Franciscan historian
Bartolomeo Ambrosini
Italian physician and naturalist (1588-1657)
Johannes Maccovius
Polish-Dutch theologian (1588-1644)
Benedetto Ubaldi
17th-century Catholic cardinal
Herman Hugo
Jesuit priest, writer, military chaplain
Wolrad IV of Waldeck-Eisenberg
German count
Frederick IX, Margrave of Brandenburg
Margrave of Brandenburg (1588–1611)
Antoniotto Invrea
politician
Wenceslas Pantaleon Kirwitzer
Czech astronomist
Charles, Count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch
Count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch
Jean-Jacques Chifflet
French physician and archaeologist
Alfonso Gonzaga
Italian catholic archbishop (1588-1649)
Giovanni Maria Sabino
Italian composer, organist and teacher (1588-1649)
Arnold Vinnius
Dutch lawyer
Lê Kính Tông
King of Vietnam
Pierre Jean Fabre
French doctor and alchemist.
Egon VIII of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg
Count von Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg, Bavarian Field-marshal and commander in the Thirty Years' War (1588-1635)
Mikołaj Sapieha
Polish noble
Kim Chajŏm
Korean politician
George Wither
English poet
Itakura Shigemasa
Japanese Daimyo
Richard Braithwaite
English poet
Francesco Gessi
Italian painter (1588-1649)
Jean de Beck
Luxembourgish soldier
Guillaume Bautru
French writer (1588-1665)
Charles de Condren
French theologian (1588-1641)
Valerius Andreas
historian (1588-1655)
Joseph Bergaigne
Roman Catholic archbishop