17th century in Rome

Italian literary academy founded in Rome in 1690

academy of sciences in Rome, Italy

thumb|Roman Carnival by Jan Miel, 1653 The Bamboccianti were genre painters active in Rome from about 1625 until the end of the seventeenth century. Most were Dutch and Flemish artists who brought existing traditions of depicting peasant subjects from sixteenth-century Netherlandish art with them to Italy, and generally created small cabinet paintings or etchings of the everyday life of the lower classes in Rome and its countryside.

essay by Athanasius Kircher

book by Alexandre de Rhodes

right|thumb|One of the pages of Abagar, preserved in the SS. Cyril and Methodius National Library in Sofia Abagar ("Абагар") is a breviary by the Bulgarian Roman Catholic Bishop of Nikopol Filip Stanislavov printed in Rome in 1651. It is regarded as the first printed book in modern Bulgarian. The language of the breviary is a specific blend of modern Bulgarian and Church Slavonic with Serbo-Croatian influences, that was used in writing by the Catholics from Chiprovtsi, Bulgaria, in the period. Unlike many other works of the Bulgarian Roman Catholics, it was printed in Cyrillic and not Latin. =