17th-century Protestantism

coalition of Protestant German states formed on May 14, 1608 by Frederick IV, Elector Palatine and dissolved in 1621.

series of wars waged in Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries

members of the Minor Reformed Church of Poland

1660 book of Christian martyrs

pirate collaboration against Catholic shipping

thumb|William Laud, for whom "Laudianism" is named, as [[Archbishop of Canterbury during the reign of Charles I.]] Laudianism, also called Old High Churchmanship, or Orthodox Anglicanism as they styled themselves when debating the Tractarians, was an early seventeenth-century reform movement within the Church of England that tried to avoid the extremes of Roman Catholicism and Puritanism by building on the work of Richard Hooker, and John Jewel and was promulgated by Archbishop William Laud and his supporters. It rejected the predestination upheld by Calvinism in favour of free will, and hence