1860s conflicts

The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States between the Union and the Confederacy, which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union to preserve slavery in the United States, which they saw as threatened because of the election of Abraham Lincoln and the growing abolitionist movement in the North. The war lasted a little over four years, ending with Union victory, the dissolution of the Confederacy and the abolition of slavery, freeing four million African Americans.

large-scale conflict in South America (1864–1870)

invasion of Mexico, launched in late 1861, by the Second French Empire

armed conflict in Cuba between 1868 and 1878

armed rebellion in Northern China from 1851 to 1868

armed conflicts between indigenous peoples and the US Army from 1849 to circa 1924

Muslim minority revolt against the Qing dynasty

mid-19th century conflict in Guangdong, China