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1866 deaths

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Bernhard Riemann
German mathematician (1826–1866)
Chief Seattle
Duwamish chief
George Everest
Welsh surveyor and geographer (1790–1866)
Friedrich Rückert
German poet, translator, and professor of Oriental languages (1788–1866)
Miguel I of Portugal
King of Portugal from 1828 to 1834
William Whewell
English philosopher and historian of science (1794–1866)
Adolph Diesterweg
German educator and philosopher (1790–1866)
Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Queen consort of the French from 1830 to 1848
Carl Jonas Love Almqvist
Swedish romantic poet, early feminist, realist, composer, social critic and traveller (1793-1866)
Karl Ludwig Hencke
German astronomer (1793–1866)
Massimo d'Azeglio
Italian statesman, novelist and painter (1798–1866)
Winfield Scott
United States Army general (1786–1866)
Philipp Franz von Siebold
German biologist and traveller (1796-1866)
Aleksandr Aleksandrov
Russian Army officer
Tokugawa Iemochi
Japanese shogun (1846–1866)
Hermann Goldschmidt
German-French astronomer and painter (1802-1866)
Luigi Carlo Farini
Italian historian and politician (1812-1866)
Thomas Love Peacock
English novelist, poet, and official of the East India Company (1785–1866)
Rikard Nordraak
Norwegian composer (1842–1866)
Lewis Cass
American politician (1782-1866)
Mikael Nalbandian
Armenian writer (1829-1866)
Thomas Hodgkin
British pathologist and social reformer (1798-1866)
Manuel Bulnes
Chilean politician and President (1799-1866)
John McDouall Stuart
British explorer (1815-1866)
Paul Gavarni
French caricaturist (1804-1866)
Alexander von Nordmann
Finnish zoologist, botanist and palaeontologist (1803-1866)
Peter Joseph Lenné
Prussian gardener and landscape architect (1789-1866)
George Ord
American naturalist, ornithologist and writer
Christian Albrecht Bluhme
Danish politician (1794-1866)
Mikhail Petrashevsky
Russian thinker (1821-1866)
Theodor Kotschy
Austrian botanist and explorer (1813-1866)
William Hopkins
English mathematician and geologist (1793-1866)
Manuel Felipe de Tovar
Vice President of Venezuela (1803–1866)
José Ignacio Pavón
Mexican politician (1791-1866)
Rbi Menachem Mendel Schneersohn
Rbi Third Chabad Rebbe (1789–1866)
Jules Dupuit
French economist and civil engineer (1804-1866)
William H. Harvey
Irish botanist (1811-1866)
John Ross
1st principal chief of the Cherokee Nation
Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal
German botanist (1794–1866)
John Keble
British churchman and poet (1792–1866)
Edward Hincks
Irish Assyriologist (1792-1866)
Joseph Méry
French writer (1797–1866)
Maria De Mattias
Italian Catholic nun, foundress and saint (1805-1866)
Jan Kalivoda
Bohemian violinist and composer (1801–1866)
Ján Scitovský
Roman Catholic bishop
Thuwaini bin Said Al Busaidi
Sultan of Muscat and Oman
William Thomas Brande
British chemist; succeeded Humphry Davy as Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution, 1813.; (1788-1866)
Adolf Bernhard Marx
German composer and musicologist (1795–1866)
Henryk Rzewuski
Polish journalist and novelist (1791–1866)
Louis Fraser
British zoologist and collector (1810–1866)
Robert F. Stockton
United States Navy officer (1795-1866)
Mikhail Muravyov-Vilensky
Russian imperial statesmen (1796-1866)
Madame Clicquot Ponsardin
French business person (1777-1866)
Adrien-François Servais
Belgian composer (1807-1866)
Alfred Malherbe
French magistrate and amateur naturalist (1804-1865)
Louis Meijer
Dutch painter (1809-1866)
Georg Heinrich Mettenius
German botanist (1823-1866)
John Mason Neale
Anglican priest and hymnwriter
Maria Susanna Cummins
American novelist (1827–1866)
Clement Comer Clay
American politician (1789-1866)