1878 deaths

Pope of the Catholic Church from 1846 to 1878

Russian poet, writer, critic, editor and publisher (1821–1878)

King of Sardinia (1849–1861) and King of Italy (1861–1878)

French physiologist (1813-1878)

American scientist and the 1st Secretary of the Smithsonian (1797-1878)

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, 1846–1852 and 1865–1866 (1792–1878)

German physicist (1814-1878)

French painter (1817–1878)

Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine from 1877 to 1878

Iranian Azerbaijani playwright and literary critic

English novelist

Swedish biologist considered to be one of the founding fathers of the modern taxonomy of mushrooms (1794–1878)

Queen consort of Spain (1805-1878)

one of the three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration, regarded as one of the main founders of modern Japan (1830-1878)

Italian astronomer

German psychologist (1795–1878)

Polish composer (1836–1878)

French scientist and pioneer in the study of electric and luminescent phenomena (1788-1878)

King of Hanover (1819–1878)

French physicist (1810–1878)

Italian dancer, choreographer and dance teacher

Austrian archduke (1802-1878)

Italian general and statesman (1804-1878)

American romantic poet and journalist (1794-1878)

German writer (1811-1878)

Queen consort of Spain

British caricaturist and book illustrator; (1792-1878)

leading personality of the Golden Age of Russian poetry (1792–1878)

Dutch medical doctor, ichthyologist and herpetologist (1819–1878)

Serbian poet, writer and painter (1832–1878)

Belgian politician and botanist (1797-1878)

British philosopher (1817-1878)

clergyman, engineer, inventor of the Stirling engine (1790–1878)

American physician (1815–1878)

Czech anatomist, dermatologist and patologist (1804-1878)

King of Burma

English architect (1811–1878)

French general and statesman (1796-1878)

American politician (1823-1878)

United States poet, novelist and travel writer (1825-1878)

Melkite Carmelite nun and saint (1846-1878)

Russian sinologist (1817–1878)

duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1813-1878)

Peruvian politician and the first civilian President of Peru (1834-1878)

French civil engineer (1810–1878)

Italian opera librettist

American government official; United States Secretary of the Navy from 1861 to 1869 (1802–1878)

Croatian composer (1821–1878)

1st emir of the whole Qatari Peninsula

United States educator (1800–1878)

politician from Paraguay, president in 1870

German cartographer (1822-1878)

Italian poet and politician (1812-1878)

Austrian botanist (1799-1878)

Colombian general and political figure (1798-1878)

British army officer and Surveyor General of India (1810-1878)

French satirist and lawyer (1829–1878)

Scottish inventor of the bicycle (1812–1878)

rabbi (1798–1878)

Swedish composer (1801-1878)