19th-century archaeological discoveries

thumb|250px|right|A Toltec-style clay vessel (American Museum of Natural History). The Toltec culture () was a pre-Columbian Mesoamerican culture that ruled a state centered in Tula, Hidalgo, Mexico, during the Epiclassic and the early Post-Classic period of Mesoamerican chronology, reaching prominence from 950 to 1150 CE. The later Aztec culture considered the Toltec to be their intellectual and cultural predecessors and described Toltec culture emanating from Tōllān (Nahuatl for Tula) as the epitome of civilization. In the Nahuatl language the word Tōltēkatl (singular) or Tōltēkah (plural) c

pre-Columbian archaeological site in Mexico

runestone

smooth-sided pyramid

Elkab, also spelled El-Kab or El Kab, is an Upper Egyptian site on the east bank of the Nile at the mouth of the Wadi Hillal about south of Luxor (ancient Thebes). Elkab was called Nekheb in the Egyptian language ( , ), a name that refers to Nekhbet, the goddess depicted as a white vulture. In Greek it was called Eileithyias polis, "city of the goddess Eileithyia".

ancient Egyptian hieratic papyrus made during the Nineteenth Dynasty

papyurs of the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt (Egyptian New Kingdom), 1156–1150 BCE, in the collection of Museo Egizio, Turin, Italy (Cat.1879/+ Cat.1969 + Cat.1899)

manuscript

archeological site in Iraq

papyurs of the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt (Egyptian New Kingdom), 1190–1077 BCE, in the collection of Museo Egizio, Turin, Italy (Cat.2031)

tablets recording Babylonian history

cave in France

human settlement in the Netherlands

ancient Israelite cemetery in Jerusalem

9th century BC stele with a royale Phoenician inscription

anthropomorph symbol present on archaeological remains of the Carthaginian civilization

archaeological site in Italy

Fragment of a 2nd-century Greek manuscript of an unknown romance

Ancient love poem about sacred marriage

Roman statue at Hermitage

caves with parietal art in Arcy-sur-Cure

1st-century BC vessel in the Museo Nazionale Atestino, Este, Italy

Furninha, also known as '''Dominique's cave''', is a natural cave on the southern slope of the Peniche peninsula in Portugal. The cave is situated on the cliffs between the Peniche Fortress and the Cape Carvoeiro. The cave is located furthest west of any Neanderthal site. Neanderthals became extinct over 40,000 years ago. The cave was also inhabited by modern humans during the Neolithic.

tablet inscription of the reign of Sennacherib