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19th-century hoaxes

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Ems dispatch
Prussian telegram and press release that incited the French Empire to start the Franco-Prussian War
crystal skull
human skull stone carvings made of clear quartz, claimed to be pre-Columbian Mesoamerican
Great Moon Hoax
fake newspaper article series
Kensington Runestone
Rune-covered stone slab unearthed in 1898 in Kensington, Minnesota
The Unparalleled Adventure of One Hans Pfaall
science fiction short story by Edgar Allan Poe
Cardiff Giant
nineteenth century US hoax
Oera Linda Book
possibly hoax manuscript
Ajeeb
thumb|right|Photo of "Ajeeb the Wonderful", 1886 right|thumb|An advertisement for an exhibition of Ajeeb, including an illustration of its appearance. Ajeeb was an imitation of Mechanical Turk|the Turk.
Fiji mermaid
fake mummified body of a half-mammal half-fish
The Will of Peter the Great
political forgery
Berners Street Hoax
1810 practical joke by Theodore Hook in London
The Balloon-Hoax
newspaper article written by Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1844, originally presented as a true story, about Monck Mason's trip across the Atlantic Ocean in 3 days in a gas balloon; later revealed as a hoax
Taxil hoax
1890s hoax of exposure by Léo Taxil
Mephisto
chess-playing "pseudo-automaton" built in 1876
William H. Mumler
American photographer (1832–1884)
Palisade
ghost town in Eureka County, Nevada,, United States
Joice Heth
African American enslaved person and sideshow performer
Tichborne case
Legal case that captivated Victorian England in the 1860s and 1870s
Calaveras Skull
human skull found in Calaveras County
Bat Creek Stone
inscribed stone tablet
Fortsas hoax
1840 hoax in Binche, Belgium
La Guzla
poem
Walam Olum
purported Lenape historical narrative
Great Wall of China hoax
1899 faked newspaper story
Sawing off of Manhattan Island
purported 19th century hoax
Shapira Scroll
manuscript carrying Biblical verses written in Paleo-Hebrew script
Moses Shapira
antiquities dealer (1830–1884)
Le livre des sauvages
19th-century hoax manuscript
Ompax spatuloides
fish species hoax