19th-century monarchs in Africa

Shaka kaSenzangakhona ( – 24 September 1828), also known as Shaka (the) Zulu () and Sigidi kaSenzangakhona, was the king of the Zulu Kingdom from 1816 to 1828. One of the most influential monarchs of the Zulu, he ordered wide-reaching reforms that reorganized the military into a formidable force.

Religious leader in the Sudan, self-proclaimed as the Mahdi (1844-1885)

King of Swaziland (1899-1982)

last sovereign of the Kingdom of Madagascar (1861-1917)

queen of Imerina (1828-1861)

founder of the Sokoto Caliphate

African warlord and religious leader, founder of the Wassoulou Empire (1830–1900)

Queen of Imerina (1868-1883)

Andrianampoinimerina () (c. 1745–1810) ruled the Kingdom of Imerina on Madagascar from 1787 until his death. His reign was marked by the reunification of Imerina following 77 years of civil war, and the subsequent expansion of his kingdom into neighboring territories, thereby initiating the unification of Madagascar under Merina rule. Andrianampoinimerina is a cultural hero and holds near mythic status among the Merina people, and is considered one of the greatest military and political leaders in the history of Madagascar.

Sultan of Morocco (1878-1943)

Moroccan Sultan (1836-1894)

King of Imerina (1793–1828)

Cetshwayo kaMpande (; ; 1826 – 8 February 1884) was the king of the Zulu Kingdom from 1873 to 1884 and its Commander in Chief during the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879. His name has been rendered as Cetywayo or Cetshwayo. Cetshwayo consistently opposed the war and sought fruitlessly to make peace with the British and was defeated and exiled following the Zulu defeat in the war. He was later allowed to return to Zululand, where he died in 1884.

King of Madagascar

Dingane KaSenzangakhona Zulu (–29 January 1840), commonly referred to as Dingane, Dingarn or Dingaan, was a Zulu prince who became king of the Zulu Kingdom in 1828, after assassinating his half-brother Shaka Zulu. He set up his royal capital, uMgungundlovu, translated to "Place of the Elephant" or "elephant swallower". He also constructed one of numerous military encampments, or kraals, in the eMakhosini Valley just south of the White Umfolozi River, on the slope of Lion Hill (Singonyama).

Sultan of Morocco from 1822 to 1859

West African political leader, Islamic scholar, and Toucouleur military commander

Sudanese Ansar ruler (1846–1899)

Gbehanzin, also known as Béhanzin ( – 10 December 1906), is considered the eleventh (if Adandozan is not counted) King of Dahomey, modern-day Republic of Benin. Upon taking the throne, he changed his name from Kondo.

Sultan of Zanzibar (1834-1870)

Sultan of Zanzibar (1857–1896)

Zulu king (1798–1872)

Moroccan Sultan (1803-1873)

Lobengula Khumalo ( 1835 – 1894) was the second and last official king of Mthwakazi (historically called Matabeleland in English). Both names in the Ndebele language mean "the men of the long shields", a reference to the Ndebele warriors' use of the Nguni shield.

Sultan of Zanzibar (1874-1927)

thumb|The Royal flag of Ghezo Ghezo, also spelled Gezo, was King of Dahomey (present-day Republic of Benin) from 1818 until 1858. Ghezo replaced his brother Adandozan (who ruled from 1797 to 1818) as king through a coup with the assistance of the Brazilian slave trader Francisco Félix de Sousa. He ruled over the kingdom during a tumultuous period, punctuated by the British blockade of the ports of Dahomey in order to stop the Atlantic slave trade.

Sultan of Morocco (1766–1822)

Omani sultan of Zanzibar (1853–1902)

king of the Zulu nation (1868-1913)

Sultan of Zanzibar (1890-1893)

ndebele king

Sultan of Zanzibar (1852–1890)

Kabaka of Uganda

King of Bamum

King of Swaziland (1825–1868)

thumb|Crown Prince Glele (left) with his father, Ghezo|King Ghezo Glele, or Badohou (died December 29, 1889), was the tenth King of Dahomey, ruling from 1858 until his suicide in 1889. thumb|Symbol of Glele in place goho

Sarraounia Mangou was a chief/priestess of the animist Azna subgroup of the Hausa, who fought French colonial troops of the Voulet–Chanoine Mission at the Battle of Lougou (in present-day Niger) in 1899.

Bey of Tunis (1782-1814)

King of Rwanda (1883–1944)

last monarch (sultan/queen regnant) of Mohéli (Mwali) (1874-1964)

thumb|250px|Msiri portrayed in an 1886 book.

King of Buganda (1837–1884)

Bhunu (reigned as Ngwane V; also known as Mahlokohla or Hhili; 11 May 1876 - 10 December 1899) was the King of Swaziland from 1895 until his death on 10 December 1899. He was a son of King Mbandzeni with Queen Labotsibeni Mdluli. He ascended to the throne after a short regency of Queen Mother Labotsibeni after his father died.

thumb|300px|Ngungunhane when captured by the Portuguese colonial army in December, 1895 Ngungunyane, also known as Mdungazwe Ngungunyane Nxumalo, '''N'gungunhana, or Gungunhana Reinaldo Frederico Gungunhana''', (c. 1850 – 23 December 1906) was a king of the Gaza Empire and vassal of the Portuguese Empire, who rebelled, was defeated by General Joaquim Mouzinho de Albuquerque and lived out the rest of his life in exile, first in Lisbon, but later on the island of Terceira, in the Azores.

Senzangakhona kaJama (c. 1762 – 1816) was the king of the Zulu Kingdom, and primarily notable as the father of three Zulu kings who ruled during the period when the Zulus achieved prominence, led by his oldest son King Shaka.

thumb|right|Agoli-Agbo. thumb|right|Agoli-agbo (center), before 1900. thumb|right|Coronation of Agoli-agbo, 1895. Agoli-agbo was the twelfth and final King of Dahomey from 1894 to 1900.

King of Eswatini

Adandozan was a king of the Kingdom of Dahomey, in present-day Benin, from 1797 until 1818. His rule ended with a coup by his brother Ghezo who then erased Adandozan from the official history resulting in high uncertainty about many aspects of his life. Adandozan took over from his father Agonglo in 1797 but was quite young at the time and so there was a regent in charge of the kingdom until 1804. Dealing with the economic depression that had defined the administrations of his father Agonglo and grandfather Kpengla, Adandozan tried to reduce slavery to decrease European trade, and when these f

Rwandan Mwami

King of the Ashanti

Mbandzeni (also known as Dlamini IV, Umbandine, Umbandeen) (c. 1855–1889) was the King of Swaziland (now Eswatini) from 1872 until 1889. Ingwenyama Mbandzeni was the son of Mswati II and Nandzi Nkambule. His mother the wife of King Mswati had died when he was still very young.

King of Cayor (1842–1886)

Soshangana KaZikode (), born Soshangana Nxumalo, was the founder and first monarch of the Gaza Empire, which, at its peak, spanned from the Limpopo River in southern Mozambique to the Zambezi River in the north. He ruled the Gaza state from 1825 until his death in 1858. Soshangana was also known by the name Manukosi.

King of the Kénédougou Empire (1845–1893)

King of Burundi

King of Hogbonu

King of the Kénédougou Empire

Sultan of Gwandu

Kabaka of Buganda (1896–1939)

King of Ashanti (1837–1884)