20th-century BC deaths

pharaoh of Egypt

Egyptian pharaoh

Egyptian pharaoh

thumb|Ishbi-Erra appears in the Sumerian King List, on the [[Weld-Blundell Prism]] Ishbi-Erra (Akkadian: diš-bi-ir₃-ra; died 1985 BC) was the founder of the dynasty of Isin, reigning from c. 2018 — c. 1985 BC. Ishbi-Erra was preceded by Ibbi-Sin of the 3rd Dynasty of Ur in ancient Lower Mesopotamia, and then succeeded by Shu-Ilishu. According to the Weld-Blundell Prism, Išbi-erra reigned for 33 years and this is corroborated by the number of his extant year-names. While in many ways this dynasty emulated that of the preceding one, its language was Akkadian as the Sumerian language had become m

Assyrian king

Lipit-Ishtar (Akkadian: 𒇷𒁉𒀉𒁹𒁯, Lipit-Ištar; died 1924 BC) was the 5th king of the First Dynasty of Isin, according to the Sumerian King List (SKL). Also according to the SKL: he was the successor of Ishme-Dagan. Ur-Ninurta then succeeded Lipit-Ištar. Some documents and royal inscriptions from his time have survived, however, Lipit-Ishtar is mostly known due to the Sumerian hymns that were written in his honor, as well as a legal code written in his name (preceding the famed Code of Hammurabi by about 100 years)—which were used for school instruction for hundreds of years after Lipit-Ishta

Ikunum (; died 1921 BC) was a king of Assyria 1935–1921 BC.

ancient Egyptian queen consort

Iddin-Dagan (, Di-din-Dda-gan; died 1954 BC) was the 3rd king of the dynasty of Isin. He is best known for his participation in the sacred marriage rite and the sexually-explicit hymn that described it.

thumb|Gungunum appears in the 5th position in the list of the kings of Larsa, Louvre Museum Gungunum (, Dgu-un-gu-nu-um; (died 1906 BC) was a king of the city state of Larsa in southern Mesopotamia, ruling from c. 1932 to c. 1906 BC. According to the traditional king list for Larsa, he was the fifth to rule the city, and in his own inscriptions he identifies himself as a son of Samium and brother to his immediate predecessor Zabaya. His name is Amorite, and originates in the word gungun, meaning "protection", "defence" or "shelter".

thumb|Left: Cuneiform clay tablet. Old Babylonian, 1900-1700 BC.Right: Sumerian cuneiform "foundation stone". This clay cone was embedded in a wall, and contains the deed of foundation of the city walls of Isin (Tell Bahriyat) by king Ishme-Dagan of Isin (1953-1935 BC). Ishme-Dagan (, Diš-me-Dda-gan, Išme-Dagān; died 1935 BC) was the 4th king of the First Dynasty of Isin, according to the "Sumerian King List" (SKL). Also according to the SKL: he was both the son and successor of Iddin-Dagan. Lipit-Ishtar then succeeded Ishme-Dagan. Ishme-Dagan was one of the kings to restore the Ekur.

Shu-Ilishu (Akkadian: Šu-ilišu; died 1975 BC) was the 2nd ruler of the dynasty of Isin. Beginning on his ascension his name was written dŠu-i-li-šu with the dingir indicating that he was deified. He reigned for 10 years (according to his extant year-names and a single copy of the Sumerian King List, which differs from the 20 years recorded by others.) Shu-Ilishu was preceded by Išbi-erra. Iddin-Dagān then succeeded Shu-Ilishu. Shu-Ilishu is best known for his retrieval of the cultic idol of Nanna from the Elamites and its return to Ur.

Zabaia (or Zabaya; (died 1932 BC) governed the ancient Near East city of Larsa from around 1941 BC to 1932 BC (MC). He was an Amorite and the son of Samium.

Shalim-ahum or Šalim-ahum (died 1991 BC) was a ruler of Assyria in the late 21st century to early 20th century BC. The Assyrian King List records his name as Šallim-aḫḫe, inscribed šal-lim-PABMEŠ, meaning, “keep the brothers safe”, and he appears among the six kings “whose eponyms are not found”, meaning that the length of his reign was unknown. He was described as the son of Puzur-Ashur I (dumu Puzu Assur) in his only known inscription. He is the earliest independent ruler to be attested in a contemporary inscription. Carved in curious archaic character mirror-writing in Old Assyrian on an al

Samium (died 1941 BC) governed the ancient Near Eastern city of Larsa from around 1976 BC to 1941 BC (MC). He was an Amorite. He had a son called Zabaia.

Emisum or Iemsium (died 1977 BC) governed the ancient Near East city of Larsa from around 2004 to 1977 BC (MC). He was an Amorite.

ancient Egyptian queen consort

Meketre () was a chancellor and high steward during the reign of Mentuhotep II, Mentuhotep III, and perhaps Amenemhat I, during the Middle Kingdom. Meketre is first attested in a rock inscription in the Wadi Shatt el-Rigala, bearing the simple title sealer. The inscription is dated to year 41 of king Mentuhotep II. On reliefs from the mortuary temple of the same king in Deir el-Bahari Meketre bears the title of chancellor and was evidently promoted in the meantime, succeeding Kheti. The same title was found on a statue in Meketre's tomb while on relief fragments in the tomb he held the main ti

Neferitatjenen was the wife of Amenemhat I, the king of the 12th Dynasty in ancient Egypt, and the mother of Senusret I. The documentation of her relationships is preserved on a statuette depicting her son.

ancient Egyptian treasurer

Senewosret-Ankh (or Sesostris-Ankh, Senusret-Ankh; ) was High Priest of Ptah in Memphis, Royal Sculptor, and Builder likely during the time of Senusret I of the 12th Dynasty.

Intefiqer (also Antefoker of Intefoker; ỉnỉ-ỉt.f ỉqr) was an ancient Egyptian high official with the titles overseer of the city and Vizier under king Amenemhet I and his son Senusret I, during the early 12th Dynasty.

ancient Egyptian explorer

ancient Egyptian king's daughter of the Twelfth Dynasty

Khuwyt () was an ancient Egyptian musician who is represented in a decorative painting in the Tomb of Senet. Senet was a relative (either mother or wife) of Intefiqer, an Egyptian political official during the 12th Dynasty. She and a male musician, identified as the singer Didumin, are depicted side by side, playing harps to entertain Intefiqer. She is identified on the north wall of the tomb as "chantress, Khuwyt, daughter of Maket." Their songs are about Hathor, the golden goddess, and about the vizier himself, wishing him life and health.

Iddi[n]-Sin (: Iddî-Sîn; ) was a King (𒈗 Šàr, pronounced Shar) of the Kingdom of Simurrum. Simurrum was an important city state of the Mesopotamian area, during the period of Akkad down to Ur III. Simurrum disappears from records after the Old Babylonian period. According to an inscription (the stela from Qarachatan Village, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan, now located in the Sulaymaniyah Museum), Iddi[n]-Sin seems to have been contemporary with the Lullubi king Annubanini.

Bilalama (died 1962 BC) was a 20th century BC ruler of Eshnunna, an ancient Mesopotamian kingdom located in the Diyala Valley in modern Iraq.

Shilhaha (Elamite si-il-ha-ha, or shi-il-ha-ha, mshi-il-ha-ha, cf. middle-Elamite shilha ‘strong’ ; ) was an Elamite ruler of the 20th century BC (Middle Chronology). He was first to be attested as sukkalmah in Elam, effectively founding the Sukkalmah Dynasty. At least 11 rulers of this dynasty used the phrase “descendant of Šilhaha” (ruhušak) in their titles as evidence of their legitimacy. Inscriptions on a bronze “gunagi” vessel and on Atta-Hušu cylindroid show that he was contemporary of Ebarat II, one of the last kings of Shimashki.

thumb|Relief from Rehuerdjersen's mastaba, now at the Metropolitan Museum of Art

Ibbit-Lim () was the earliest known ruler of the Third kingdom of Ebla, in modern Syria.

ancient Egyptian general

Ancient Egyptian treasurer

Tar...dun...ni (Cuneiform: , tar...dun...ni, or Tar…ni, …birini, …irpirin) son of Ikki (also reads Ikkibshakhmat, or Ikkipshakhmat; ), was a king, prince, ruler, or high-ranking official of the Zagros mountains area. Although "Tardunni" is the way his name has been traditionally deciphered, he may have been called differently: it has been proposed that he was rather called Lisir Pirini, son of Ikkid Samad.

Egyptian vizier

ancient Egyptian steward

ancient Egyptian nomarch

ancient Egyptian steward