24th-century BC establishments

ancient empire in the Mesopotamia (2334–2154 BC)

Medjay (Egyptian mḏꜣ.j, a nisba of mḏꜣ) was a demonym used in various ways throughout ancient Egyptian history to refer initially to a nomadic group from Nubia and later as a generic term for desert-ranger police. They were sometimes confused with the Pan-Grave culture.

ancient Mesopotamian title

circumcision for religious purposes

archaeological culture