4th-millennium BC establishments

Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic writing system that was used to write several languages of the ancient Near East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the 1st century BC. Cuneiform scripts are marked by and named for the characteristic wedge-shaped impressions () which form their signs. Cuneiform is the earliest known writing system and was originally developed to write the Sumerian language of southern Mesopotamia (modern Iraq).

formal writing system used by the ancient Egyptians

dynasty of ancient Egypt

Hieratic (; ) is the name given to a cursive writing system used for Ancient Egyptian and the principal script used to write that language from its development in the third millennium BCE until the rise of Demotic in the mid-first millennium BCE. It was primarily written in ink with a reed brush on papyrus.

thumb|A rebus-style "escort card" from around 1865, to be read as "May I see you home my dear?" thumb|A German rebus, circa 1620

complex pre-Columbian era society that included as many as 30 major population centers in what is now the Norte Chico region of north-central coastal Peru

heavy industry that deals with the production of steel

last phase of the Naqada culture of ancient Egyptian prehistory

archaeological culture

form of seal used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface

archaeological stage in prehistoric Egypt

archaeological complex in Tarxien, Malta

archaeological culture of Mesopotamia

cultural period in the history of predynastic Upper Egypt (Nagada I)

color

period of ancient Egyptian history

hypothetical proto-language ancestral to the historical Semitic languages of the Middle East

archaeological culture 3700 BC - 3100 BC

pre-Columbian cultures of North America that constructed various styles of earthen mounds

pre-Iranian civilization from ca. 3400 BC to 2500 BC

archaeological culture

archaeological culture

archaeological culture

archaeological culture

motif in ancient art showing a human between and grasping two confronted animals

4000 B.C. Corsican and Sardinian culture

archaeological site in Ouachita Parish, Louisiana, United States

archaeological culture

archaeological site

archaeological culture

Neolithic culture in Taiwan

ancient Egyptian temple

neolithic culture in China

Relic of Egyptian mythology

type of neolithic structure

Proposed Mesopotamia civilization

type of pottery

early Bronze Age human settlement period

neolithic culture in Tibet

archaeological culture