9th-century inventions

thumb|upright=1.3|Gunpowder for muzzleloader|muzzleloading firearms in granulation size thumb|American Civil War re-enactors volley firing with black powder thumb|Flash pan starter dispenser

thumb|Windmill in Sønderho, Fanø, Denmark. Dutch type, built in 1895.

unique Viking swords used throughout Scandinavia

white pottery and porcelain decorated under the glaze with a blue pigment, generally cobalt oxide

Chinese gunpowder projectile