9th-century writers

Abū Yūsuf Yaʻqūb ibn ʼIsḥāq aṣ-Ṣabbāḥ al-Kindī (; ; ; ) was an Arab polymath who was active as a philosopher, mathematician, physician, and music theorist. Al-Kindi was the first of the Islamic peripatetic philosophers, and is hailed as the "father of Arab philosophy".

Persian Hadith compiler (824–886)

Arab jurist and a disciple of Abu Hanifa (749/50–805)

Arab musician of Persian origin (742–804)

ninth-century Jewish merchant and traveller

9th-century bishop

Tang dynasty poet

Syriac bishop

8th c. Iraqi philologist and poet

9th-century Muslim hadith scholar

Al-Jarmī, full name Abū ‘Umar Ṣāliḥ ibn Isḥāq al-Bajīli al-Jarmī () (d.840 AD/ 225 AH), was an influential grammarian of the Basra school during the Islamic Golden Age, who took part in learned discussions at Baghdād.