Abolitionism

thumb|250px|upright|Photograph of a slave boy in the Sultanate of Zanzibar. 'An Arab master's punishment for a slight offence.' . From at least the 1860s onwards, photography was a powerful weapon in the abolitionist arsenal.

1748 treatise on political theory first published anonymously by Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu

UNO international day

international observance

upright=1.35|thumb|''The Drunkard's Progress'': by [[Nathaniel Currier 1846, warns that moderate drinking leads, step-by-step, to total disaster.]] Moralism is a philosophy that arose in the 19th century that concerns itself with imbuing society with a certain set of morals, usually traditional behaviour, but also "justice, freedom, and equality". It has strongly affected North American and British culture, concerning private issues such as the family unit and sexuality, as well as issues that carry over into the public square, such as the temperance movement.

Self-ownership, also known as sovereignty of the individual or individual sovereignty, is the concept of property in one's own person, expressed as the moral or natural right of a person to have bodily integrity and be the exclusive controller of one's own body and life. Self-ownership is a central idea in several political philosophies that emphasize individualism, such as libertarianism, liberalism, and anarchism.

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papal breve

1901–1902 war in present-day Eastern Nigeria