Academia

thumb|Bologna University, Italy, established in 1088, is the world's oldest academic institution in continuous operation.

thumb|right|A young man (in a bowtie) receives a scholarship at a ceremony.

thumb|Prominent contemporary public intellectuals include (left to right): Yuval Noah Harari|Harari, Chomsky, Žižek

Interdisciplinarity, also known as interdisciplinary studies, is the combination of multiple academic disciplines into one activity (e.g., a research project). It draws knowledge from several fields such as sociology, anthropology, psychology, economics, etc. It is related to an interdiscipline or an interdisciplinary field, which is an organizational unit that crosses traditional boundaries between academic disciplines or schools of thought, as new needs and professions emerge. Large engineering teams are usually interdisciplinary in nature, as the development of a power station, mobile phone

upright 1.2|thumb|Dutch 18th century doctoral ceremony at Leiden University shown on the frontispiece of a PhD thesis, [[Netherlands. () by Guilielmus ab Irhoven (Willem van Irhoven) on the authority of the Rector magnificus Johannes Jacobus Vitriarius (Jan Jacob Glazenmaker), 7 July 1721.]]

liberty of educational institutions to decide courses and research, and of teachers to teach subjects, without outside coercion

thumb|300px|Anti-intellectualism contrasts the reedy Scholarly method|scholar with the bovine boxer; the comparison epitomizes the populist view of reading and study as antithetical to sport and athleticism. Note the disproportionate heads and bodies, with the size of the head representing mental ability and the size of the body representing physical ability. ([[Thomas Nast)]] Anti-intellectualism refers to a range of attitudes, characterized by skepticism, mistrust or criticism of intellect, intellectuals, and intellectualism. It is commonly expressed as questioning the value or relevance of

overviews of and topical guides to academic disciplines

portion of a school year ending with grade assignments

a board, usually cork, for pinning notices to

thumb|upright=1.35|Gerald Ford and [[Jimmy Carter stand behind lecterns during a debate prior to the 1976 United States presidential election.]] A lectern is a standing reading desk with a slanted top, on which documents or books are placed as support for reading aloud, as in a scripture reading, lecture, or sermon. A lectern is usually attached to a stand or affixed to some other form of support. To facilitate eye contact and improve posture when facing an audience, lecterns may have adjustable height and slant. People reading from a lectern, called lectors, generally do so while standing.

thumb|upright=1.1|The Scholar and His Books by Gerbrand van den Eeckhout A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.

any type of cheating that occurs in relation to a formal academic exercise

university faculty member who supervises the doctoral research of a graduate student

article that summarizes the current state of understanding on a topic, containing a literature review (Q2412849)

writing resulting from academic work

moral code or ethical policy of academia

research

scoring guide for assessment

period before the start of an academic year at a university or tertiary institutions

Ring worn to commemorate graduation

statistical bias

educational assessment where questions are asked and answered verbally

set of rules or ethical principles governing an academic (or professional) community based on ideals that define what constitutes honorable behaviour within that community

specific kind of sexual harassment

body of principles and practices used by scholars to make their claims about the subject as valid and trustworthy as possible, and to make them known to the scholarly public

student who is an adult and returning or starting full-time education

constituency, used in elections to a legislature, that represents a university rather than a geographical area

person with decision-making power in respect of a literary estate

field of Research

links between academics based on mentoring relationships

course of study or major at an academic institution, or the field in which a specialist practices

branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution