Anchitheriinae

Mesohippus (Greek: / meaning "middle" and / meaning "horse") is an extinct genus of early horse. It lived 37 to 32 million years ago in the Early Oligocene. Like many fossil horses, Mesohippus was common in North America. Its shoulder height is estimated at 60 cm.

Miohippus (meaning "small horse") is an extinct genus of horse existing longer than most Equidae. It lived in what is now North America from 32 to 25 million years ago, during the late Eocene to late Oligocene. According to the Florida Museum of Natural History, Othniel Charles Marsh first believed Miohippus lived during the Miocene and thus named the genus using this incorrect conclusion. More recent research provides evidence that Miohippus actually lived during the Paleogene period.

Parahippus ("near to horse"), is an extinct equid, a relative of modern horses, asses, and zebras. It lived from 24 to 17 million years ago, during the Miocene epoch. It was very similar to Miohippus, but slightly larger, at around tall, at the withers. Their fossils have been found in North America, primarily in the Great Plains region and Florida.

Anchitherium (meaning near beast) is a genus of extinct equid with a three-toed hoof. thumb|left|Mandibles Anchitherium was a browsing (leaf eating) horse that originated in the early Miocene of North America, being found as far south as Panama, and subsequently dispersed to Europe and Asia, where it gave rise to the larger bodied genus Sinohippus. It was around high at the shoulder, and probably represented a side-branch of horse evolution that left no modern descendants.

Megahippus is an extinct genus of large Anchitheriine horses found throughout the southern portion of the United States during the middle Miocene. The animal represents one of the latest low-crowned horses, overlapping in time with more derived high-crowned horses.

Hypohippus (Greek: "under" (hypos), "horse" (hippos)) is an extinct genus of three-toed horse, which lived 17–11 million years ago. It was the largest anchitherine equid about the size of a modern domestic horse, at and long. It was a long-necked, high-shouldered browser with sub-hypsodont, lophodont (rhino-like) dentition, that fed on the tough vegetation of forest understory and shrubs. Its deep preorbital fossae and retraction of the nasal notch hint at the presence of a long, muscular and prehensile upper lip that would aid during selective browsing. Overall its ecology would have been mor

Anchitheriinae is an extinct subfamily of the horse family Equidae. The group is suggested to be paraphyletic as a whole, representing various early offshoots of the lineage leading to Equinae (which contains modern zebras, horses and asses), though the tribe Anchitheriini (Anchitheriinae sensu stricto,” or “anchitherines”) represents a monophyletic group. The group first appeared in North America during the late Eocene, around 40 million years ago, subsequently radiating and reaching a peak of diversity by the end of the Eocene, around 34 million years ago, underdoing a slight decline during

left|thumb|Life restoration Archaeohippus (Greek: "ancient" (archaios), "horse" (hippos)) is an extinct three-toed member of the family Equidae known from fossils of early Oligocene to middle Miocene age. The genus is noted for several distinct skeletal features. The skull possesses deeply pocketed fossa in a notably long preorbital region. The genus is considered an example of phyletic dwarfism with adults estimated at being on average 20 kilograms in weight. This is in contrast to the most common equid of the period, Miohippus. Characters of the teeth show a mix of both primitive and advance

left|thumb|Life restoration Kalobatippus ('stilt walking horse') is a genus of anchitheriinae equid. It gets its name from the elongated bones between the ankle/wrist and the toes. Kalobatippus ate leaves and was characterized by unusually long legs. It lived 24 to 19 million years ago. Estimated body mass for Kalobatippus is .

Desmatippus is an extinct, three-toed, browsing member of the Equidae. It lived in what is now North America during the Miocene period (about 23 mya to 5 mya). Desmatippus was 60 cm in height and 20 kg in weight.

left|thumb|Holotype of S. sampelayoi thumb|left|Fragment of a S. sampelayoi maxilla