Ancient Persia

Alexander III of Macedon, most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip II to the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his reign conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Asia and Egypt. By the age of 30, he had created one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered to be one of history's greatest and most successful military commanders.

Persis, also called Persia proper, is a historical region in south-western Iran, roughly corresponding with Fars province. Iranian speaking peoples, also known as Iranic speaking peoples, are thought to have initially migrated either from Central Asia or, more probably, from the north through the Caucasus giving rise to the ethnic group later known as Persians. They would then have migrated to the current region of Persis in the early 1st millennium BC.

History of Iran from the beginning to the Islamic era