Architectural elements

horizontal or weakly inclined part of a stairway

Type of building wing

thumb|Gate of the Winter Palace in [[St Petersburg.]] Ironwork is any weapon, artwork, utensil, or architectural feature made of iron, especially one used for decoration. There are two main types of ironwork: wrought iron and cast iron. While the use of iron dates as far back as 4000 BC, it was the Hittites who first knew how to extract it (see iron ore) and develop weapons. Use of iron was mainly utilitarian until the Middle Ages; it became widely used for decoration in the period between the 16th and 19th century.

one of group of stones used to lift an agricultural storage building above the ground to protect the contents from vermin and damp

thumb|right|250px|Beaconsfield United Reformed Church, Aylesbury End, Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, seen from west-southwest. Built in 1874–75. Polifora is a type of the multi-light window. It appears in towers and belfries on top floors, where it is necessary to lighten the structure with wider openings. The term polifora usually refers to the window with at least five parts.

right|thumb|250px|Pulvino in the Basilica of San Vitale A pulvino (or impost block) is an architectural structural element (dosseret) having the shape of an inverted pyramid cushion, which is placed between the column capital and the arch base.

architectural element

component of foundation, typically a reinforced concrete beam, that transmits the load from a bearing wall into spaced foundations

thumb|An aisle of Bristol Cathedral, [[Bristol, England.]]

thumb|The tomb of Salim Chishti in [[Fatehpur Sikri (India) exhibiting a deep chhajja following the perimeter of the building supported with elaborate brackets]] A chhajja is an overhanging eave or roof covering found in Indian architecture. It is characterised with large support brackets with different artistic designs. Variation is also seen in its size depending on the importance of the building on which it features or the choice of the designer.

layout in Hindu temple architecture

in classical architecture, a pedestal which tapers towards the base and usually supports a bust or merges into a sculpted human or animal figure

transverse horizontal structural beam, bar of crosspiece; also short for transom window/ transom light

slender spire surmounting a roof

thumb|Branchwork on the baptismal font of Wormser Dom|Worms Cathedral thumb|Branchwork tracery at [[Ulm Minster, c. 1475]] thumb|Branchwork portal of the former monastery church of Chemnitz (1525) Branchwork or branch tracery (, Dutch: Lofwerk of Loofwerk) is a type of architectural ornament often used in late Gothic architecture and the Northern Renaissance, consisting of knobbly, intertwined and leafless branches. Branchwork was particularly widespread in Central European art between 1480 and 1520 and can be found in all media. The intellectual origin of branchwork lies in theories in Renais

Mexican chapel construction type

five Foot of Georgetown Penang

building system where horizontal elements (beams or lintels) are held up by vertical elements (posts)

circular temple

gable whose sides have a shape made up of one or more curves and has a pediment at the top

thumb|right|250px|Illustration of an abat-son An abat-son (plural usually abat-sons) is an architectural device constructed to reflect or direct sound in a particular direction. It consists of large louvers. The term is commonly used to refer to angled louvers in a bell tower or belfry designed to redirect sound or to prevent ingress of water.

300px|thumb|Stylophore lion at the entrance of Modena CathedralStylophore (from — “pillar” or “column”, and — “to carry” or “to support”) is an architectural element, a sculpture placed at the lower part of a column, resting on a stylobate or on a special pedestal. On the upper part of the stylophore there is a platform on which the column rests. The shape and size of a stylophore may vary depending on the architectural style and functional purpose of the building; a stylophore may serve as the base of a column or complement it. The use of stylophores helps ensure the stability of columns and

element of architecture

storage area for books in a library

balcony used by performing musicians

burial niche

clustered column or pier which consists of a centre mass or newel

building material typically used as transparent glazing material in the building envelope

250px|right|thumb|Sotoportego dei Nizioleti Sotoportego (or sottoportego) is one of the characteristic elements of urban planning in the city of Venice.

Hindu temple architecture

scroll pattern used in architectural decoration

women's section of a synagogue

architectural element

method of styling the joints in the formal elements of architectural design

garden with a raised flat section overlooking a prospect

traditional wooden window in Nepal

tube installed near the top of a tall structure for use as a means of emergency evacuation where a conventional fire escape is impractical

architectural ornament

small opening that allows water to drain from within an assembly

thumb|260px|The retroquire in Winchester Cathedral

collapsible ladder which is attached with the floor of an attic and ceiling of the floor below the attic

architectural structure, usually found in Hindu temples, in the form of a column

thumb|A pranala at the Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur|Brihadisvara Temple in Thanjavur thumb|Another pranala at the Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur In Hindu temple architecture, a pranala (IAST: praṇāla) is a discharge outlet attached to the wall of the sanctum. It discharges the lustral water or other liquids poured over the idols.

Internally illuminated three-dimensional letters for signage

Caihua (), or "colour painting", is the traditional Chinese decorative painting or polychrome used for architecture and one of the most notable and important features of historical Chinese architecture. It held a significant artistic and practical role within the development of East-Asian architecture, as Caihua served not only decoration but also protection of the predominantly wooden architecture from various seasonal elements and hid the imperfections of the wood itself. The use of different colours or paintings would be according to the particular building functions and local regional cust

sailcloth stretched between anchor points to create shade and shelter from light rain

architectural element, usually on a building

type of window

space or courtyard

railed rooftop platform on a house

type of roof that can retract

thumb|300px|Tajug seen here on the roof of Wustho Mangkunegaran Mosque, Surakarta.

thumb|Cobogó at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, [[Cuiabá]] Cobogó is the term generally given to the hollow wall-filling element present in some Brazilian buildings, typically made out of clay or cement. Its purpose is to enable increased airflow and light to enter the interior of a building, whether residential, commercial, or industrial.

victorian ceilings with patterned tin

type of Romanesque church spire architecture

A camarín is a shrine or chapel set above and behind the altar in a church, but still visible from the body of the church. They are especially found in Spain and Portugal and throughout Latin America. George Kubler and Martin Soria, in Art and Architecture of Spain and Portugal, trace the typology to the mid-15th century Aragonese "viril", a window in the high altar created to display the consecrated host. According to Kubler and Soria, the camarín is first utilized in the Basílica de la Virgen de los Desamparados (Valencia), designed by Diego Martinez Ponce de Urrana 1652–1657. In de Uranna's

thumb|right|A double jettied timber framing|timber-framed building. The ends of the multiple [[cantilevered joists supporting the upper floors can easily be seen.]]

type of roof structure

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