Berber peoples and tribes

Amazigh (Berber) people of the Sahara desert with a nomadic pastoralist lifestyle

Amazigh (Berber) ethnic group indigenous to Kabylia

thumb|upright=1.2|Map of the tribes of Western Sahara

The Zenata (; ) are a group of Berber tribes, historically one of the largest Berber confederations along with the Sanhaja and Masmuda. Their lifestyle was either nomadic or semi-nomadic.

thumb|upright=1.4|Map of the Roman Empire under Hadrian (ruled 117 – 138 AD), showing the location of the Garamantes kingdom, in the desert regions south of the Roman province of [[Africa proconsularis (Tunisia, Libya).]]

The Barghawatas (or Barghwata, Berghouata) were a Berber tribal confederation and religious movement that ruled a region of the Atlantic coast in present-day Morocco between the 8th and 11th centuries. They belonged to the Masmuda confederacy.

The Sanhaja (, or ; , pl. , and , pl. ) were a large Berber tribal confederation, along with the Zanata and Masmuda confederations. Many tribes in Algeria, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, Tunisia and Western Sahara bore and still carry this ethnonym, especially in its Berber form.

The Masmuda (, Berber: ⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⴷⵏ) is a Berber tribal confederation, one of the largest in the Maghreb, along with the Zenata and the Sanhaja. Historical Arabic sources locate them within the Maghreb, primarily in territories that fall within the borders of present-day Morocco, with additional communities noted in what is now Algeria.

Amazigh (Berber) ethnic group in Morocco

Riffians or Rifians (; ) are a Berber ethnic group originally from the Rif region of northeastern Morocco and the Spanish enclave of Melilla. Communities of Riffian immigrants are also found in southern Spain, Netherlands and Belgium as well as elsewhere in Western Europe. They are overwhelmingly Sunni Muslims and speak Tarifit and Moroccan Arabic.

The Meshwesh (often abbreviated in ancient Egyptian as Ma) was an ancient Libyan tribe, of Berber origin.

ethnic group

ethnic group

The Massylii or Maesulians (Neo-Punic: , ) were a Berber federation in eastern Numidia (central and eastern Algeria), which was formed by an amalgamation of smaller tribes during the 4th century BC. They were ruled by a king. On their loosely defined western frontier were the powerful Masaesyli. To their east lay the territory of the rich and powerful Carthaginian Republic. Their relationship to Carthage resembled that of a protectorate. Carthage maintained its dominance over the Massylii by skillful diplomatic manoeuvering, playing off local tribal and kingdom rivalries. The principal towns o

thumb|The location of the Lamtuna tribe in the 11th century The Lamtuna () are a nomadic Berber tribe belonging to the Iẓnagen / Sanhaja (Zenaga) confederation, who traditionally inhabited areas from Sous to Adrar Plateau. During the Almoravid period, many Lamtunas emigrated northwards. Currently, the Lemtuna Tribe is based in the South of Mauritania (Monguel and Agueilat). The chief of this Tribe is Mr. Limam Ould Teguedi (former Minister of Justice, former Minister of Culture and former Attorney General of Mauritania). Among notable families are the family of Ehl Aly Ibn Ibrahim, the family

thumb|From right to left an Egyptian, an Assyrian, a Nubian, and four Libu men, Heinrich Menu von Minutoli|Heinrich von Minutoli (1820) The Libu (; also transcribed Rebu, Libo, or Lebu) were an Ancient Libyan tribe of Berber origin, from which the name Libya derives.

The Nasamones () mentioned by Herodotus (c. 484–425 BCE), were a nomadic Berber tribe inhabiting the coastal region of the Gulf of Sirte and traveling inland to the oasis of Augila where men lived around a spring of water and migrated at fixed seasons each year. During the summer, they left their flocks by the sea and journeyed to Augila to gather dates from the palm trees where they grew in great abundance. They also hunted locusts, which they dried in the sun, ground into powder, and sprinkled into milk to drink. They were believed to be a Numidian people.

thumb|303x303px|right|Statue of Syphax, a Numidian king thumb|400px|right|Numidia of Syphax and Gaïa before the unification

ethnic group

Gaetuli was the Romanised name of an ancient Berber people inhabiting Getulia. The latter district covered the large desert region south of the Atlas Mountains, bordering the Sahara. Other documents place Gaetulia in pre-Roman times along the Mediterranean coasts of what is now Algeria and Tunisia, and north of the Atlas. During the Roman period, according to Pliny the Elder, the Autololes Gaetuli established themselves south of the province of Mauretania Tingitana, in modern-day Morocco. They inhabited the southern slopes of the Aures and Atlas Mountains and probably reached as far as the Atl

thumb|Masaesyli 220 BC, with the Massylii in the east. The Massaesylii (; ; also Masaesyli) were a Berber confederate kingdom of western Numidia (central and western Algeria) and the main antagonists of the Massylii in eastern Numidia. The kingdom of Massaesylia extended all the way west to Mulucha river and under Syphax its authority extended to the Strait of Gibraltar.thumb|Coin of Vermina, King of Masaesyli, . Depicts a galloping horse and the [[Phoenician text , "Vermina the king."]] During the Second Punic War the Massaesylii initially supported the Roman Republic and were led by the king

The Miknasa (Berber: Imeknasen) was a Zenata Berber tribe of the Maghreb.

Shilha tribal confederation in the Western High Atlas in Morocco

The Psylli (Seli) were a native Libyan tribe inhabiting Ancient Libya.

The Ghomara (, Ighmaren) are a group of tribes in northern Morocco belonging to the Berbers. They live in the western Rif, in the area of Chefchaouen and Tetouan.

The Hawwara () is a Berber tribal confederation in the Maghreb, primarily in Tripolitania, with descendants in Upper Egypt and Sudan. Hawwara are amongst the most prominent tribes in Upper Egypt, with branches found mainly in Qena. They are also found in Morocco and Algeria. In Sudan, they are labelled as Hawwaweer () (plural of Hawwara), and have a significant political presence.

ethnic group

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Egyptian ethnic group

thumb|right|300px|The Roman empire under Hadrian (ruled 117–138), showing the location of the Musulamii, then inhabiting the desert regions of modern [[Tunisia and Algeria]] The Musulamii were a confederation of the Berber Gaetulian tribes, who inhabited the desert regions of what is today known as Chotts Regions in Tunisia and Algeria, as well as the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis, which was annexed to the Roman empire in 44 AD. They were indeed meant to be recognized as a member of these tribes and not separate, as Junius Blaesus the younger describes a war against Tacfarinas

The Hintata or Hin Tata were a Amazighi Tribal Confederation belonging to the tribal group Sanhaja of Tunis, Ifriqiya. They were historically known for their political power in the region of Ifriqiya between the twelfth century and sixteenth century. Having helped the Almohads come to power, the Hintata have always been very close to the Almohad caliphs and during the Marinid period, controlled the region of Marrakesh from the Jabal Hintata, in the High Atlas, coming to reign independently on fifteenth century and early sixteenth century. The Hafsid dynasty of Tunis were a descendant of the Hi

thumb|right|300px| Mauretanian cavalry under Lusius Quietus fighting in the Dacian Wars, from the [[Column of Trajan]] Mauri (from which derives the English term "Moors") was the Latin designation for the Berber population of Mauretania, located in the west side of North Africa on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis, in the North of present-day Morocco and north western Algeria.

Ethnic group

thumb|300x300px|A Berber woman of the Zayane tribes, 1955 Zayanes ( (singular), (plural); ) are a Berber population inhabiting the Khenifra region, located in the central Middle Atlas mountains of Morocco.

Amazigh (Berber) tribal confederacy that flourished in northwest Africa during the seventh century

The Awraba were a Berber tribe in North Africa which formed part of the Baranis confederation. They were known for playing a primary role in the resistance to the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb during the 7th century, particularly during the rebellion led by their king Kusaila. After this event, having mostly converted to Islam, they were known for welcoming Idris I, an 'Alid refugee fleeing the 'Abbasids to the east, and helping him establish the Idrisid dynasty.

The Laguatan () was a Berber clan that inhabited the Cyrenaica area during the Roman period. They have been described as primarily raiders and nomadic, but others consider them a settled group who also raided.

The Quinquegentiani were a Classical Age Berber tribal confederation inhabiting the lands between the cities of Saldae and Rusuccuru, a region which is now known as Kabylia. Their territory laid at the eastern border of the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis, and although they were officially under Roman rule, they acted very autonomously.

al-Baranis (Arabic: البرنوصي, Al-Barnoussi), spelled sometimes as Barnès or Branes, are one of the two major groups to which Berbers (Amazigh) in the Maghreb and al-Andalus were divided by mediaeval genealogists and in some mediaeval Arabic sources, the other being called al-Butr.

The Zawaya are tribes in the southern Sahara who have traditionally followed a deeply religious way of life. They accepted a subordinate position to the warrior tribes, whether Arab or Berber, who had little interest in spreading Islam. The Zawaya introduced Sufi brotherhoods to the black populations south of the Sahara. The jihad movements of the Fula people in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries have their origins with the Zawaya. Today the Zawaya are one of the two noble castes of Mauritania.

thumb The Godala or Gudāla is a Berber tribe in Western Africa that lived along the Atlantic coast in present-day Mauritania and participated in the Saharan salt trade and the salt mines of Ijiil. The Godala may be linked to or the same as the ancient Gaetuli tribe of Berbers.

caïdat in Oriental, Morocco

Gzenaya or Igzennayen () is the name of a Riffian tribe of the Rif region in the north-eastern part of Morocco. Towns such as Aknoul, Ajdir Gzenaya and Ain Hamra belong to this tribe. Many Igzennayen can also be found in cities such as Tangier, Taza and Meknes.

thumb|200x200px|Map of Chenoui areas The Chenouis or Chenoua (, Berber: Icenwiyen) are a Berber ethnic group native to the Chenoua Mountains in northern Algeria. They traditionally inhabit areas between the east of Ténès to the west of Cherchell. The Chenoui people number about 106,000. They speak the Shenwa language, a Northern Berber language that is closely related to the Shawiya language and Zenata varieties spoken by Berbers of the Aures mountains in Eastern Algeria and the Rif region. The Shenwa language has about 76,000 speakers.

thumb|Monument commemorating the peace between the Romans and the Baquates under Ucmet (c.175) The Baquates were a people living in Mauretania Tingitana under the Roman Empire. They are known from Greek and Latin literary sources and inscriptions of the second through fourth centuries AD.

The Tajakant (also Tadjakant Morocco) is a Sahrawi tribe of Berber Sanhaja origins. They speak Hassaniya Arabic.

tribe of Kabyle people in Algeria

thumb|220px|Satellite image of the island of El Hierro

Amazigh (berber) tribe