Big Bang

hypothetical begin of the Universe through expansion out of an infinitely small and infinitely dense state

Belgian scientist and priest (1894-1966)

constant representing stress-energy density of the vacuum in Einstein's equation, which accounts for the rate of expansion of the universe

increase in distance between parts of the universe over time

time elapsed since the universe came into being

nucleosynthesis that occurred during the Big Bang (between ca. 10⁻² and 200 seconds after the Big Bang)

history and future of the universe according to Big Bang cosmology

earliest period of time in the Universe where the temperature was at or above the Planck temperature

In physical cosmology, baryogenesis (also known as baryosynthesis) is the physical process that is hypothesized to have taken place during the early universe to produce baryonic asymmetry, the observation that only matter (baryons) and not antimatter (antibaryons) is detected in the universe (other than in cosmic ray collisions). Since it is assumed in cosmology that the particles we see were created using the same physics we measure today, and in particle physics experiments today matter and antimatter are always symmetric, the dominance of matter over antimatter is unexplained.

subject of cosmology

increase in the expansion rate of the universe, attributed to dark energy

thumb|Phases of the reionization In the fields of Big Bang theory and cosmology, reionization is the process that caused electrically neutral atoms in the primordial universe to reionize after the lapse of the "dark ages". Detecting and studying the reionization process is challenging but multiple avenues have been pursued. This reionization was driven by the formation of the first stars and galaxies.

period very shortly after the Big Bang where the universe was hotter than the grand unification scale

period in the evolution of the early universe prior to hadron confinement, during which the universe consisted of quark–gluon plasma

period in the evolution of the early universe

period (~1 to 10 seconds after the Big Bang) in the early universe in which leptons dominated the mass of the Universe, after hadron–antihadron annihilation ended the hadron epoch but before Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the photon epoch

period in the evolution of the early universe in which photons dominated the energy of the universe

period in the evolution of the early universe in which electroweak symmetry is not yet broken

time period of seeming infinite density just after the Big Bang

History of a cosmological theory

any physical cosmological model of the universe that was, or still is, proposed as an alternative to the then-current standard model of cosmology

discrepancy between the observed abundance of lithium produced in Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the amount that should theoretically exist