Brahmagupta

Brahmagupta ( – ) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who is credited as the first person to understand and formalize the concept of the number zero for nothing in mathematics. He is the author of two early works on mathematics and astronomy: the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta (BSS, "correctly established doctrine of Brahma", dated 628), a theoretical treatise, and the Khandakhadyaka ("edible bite", dated 665), a more practical text. He was the first Indian scholar to describe gravity as an attractive force, and used the term "gurutvākarṣaṇam" in Sanskrit to describe it. He is also credited with

theorem

The Brāhma-sphuṭa-siddhānta ("Correctly Established Doctrine of Brahma", abbreviated BSS) is a main work of Brahmagupta, written c. 628. This text of mathematical astronomy contains significant mathematical content, including the first good understanding of the role of zero, rules for manipulating both negative and positive numbers, a method for computing square roots, methods of solving linear and quadratic equations, rules for summing series, Brahmagupta's identity, and Brahmagupta theorem.

theorem in geometry that a perpendicular to one side of an orthodiagonal quadrilateral, through the point of intersection of the diagonals, bisects the opposite side

expression of a product of sums of squares as a sum of squares

cyclic algorithm to solve indeterminate quadratic equations

Khaṇḍakhādyaka (meaning "edible bite; morsel of food") is a Sanskrit-language astronomical treatise written by Indian mathematician and astronomer Brahmagupta in 665 CE. The treatise contains eight chapters covering such topics as the longitudes of the planets, diurnal rotation, lunar and solar eclipses, risings and settings, the moon's crescent and conjunctions of the planets. The treatise also includes an appendix which in some versions has only one chapter, and in other has three.