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Chatbots

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ChatGPT
chatbot
thumb|A virtual assistant chatbot thumb|The 1966 ELIZA chatbot
Gemini
artificial intelligence chatbot developed by Google
Grok
chatbot developed by xAI
Microsoft Copilot
AI chatbot by Microsoft
Claude (language model)
Claude is a series of large language models developed by Anthropic and first released in 2023. Since Claude 3, each generation has typically been released in three sizes, from least to most capable: Haiku, Sonnet, and Opus. An additional model named Claude Mythos was released to some companies in 2026 but not to the public.
Perplexity AI
Perplexity AI, Inc., or simply Perplexity, is an American privately held software company offering a web search engine that processes user queries and synthesizes responses. Perplexity products use large language models and incorporate real-time web search capabilities, providing responses based on current Internet content, citing sources used. Its real-time search engine is called Sonar and is based on Meta's Llama model. A free public version is available, while a paid Pro subscription offers access to more advanced language models and additional features.
virtual assistant
mobile software agent
Gemini
family of language models by Google DeepMind
ELIZA
ELIZA is an early natural language processing computer program developed from 1964 to 1967 at MIT by Joseph Weizenbaum. Created to explore communication between humans and machines, ELIZA simulated conversation by using a pattern matching and substitution methodology that gave users an illusion of understanding on the part of the program, but gave no response that could be considered really understanding what was being said by either party. Whereas the ELIZA program itself was written (originally) in MAD-SLIP, the pattern matching directives that contained most of its language capability were
LaMDA
LaMDA (Language Model for Dialogue Applications) is a family of conversational large language models developed by Google. Originally developed and introduced as Meena in 2020, the first-generation LaMDA was announced during the 2021 Google I/O keynote, while the second generation was announced the following year.
Meta AI
artificial intelligence laboratory owned by Meta
Character.ai
character.ai (also known as c.ai, char.ai or Character AI) is a generative AI chatbot service where users can engage in conversations with customizable characters. It was designed by the developers of Google LaMDA, Noam Shazeer and Daniel de Freitas.
Loebner Prize
annual competition in artificial intelligence
Ernie Bot
chatbot developed by Baidu
Tay
chatterbot made by Microsoft
Cleverbot
Cleverbot is a chatterbot web application. It was created by British AI scientist Rollo Carpenter and launched in October 2008. It was preceded by Jabberwacky, a chatbot project that began in 1988 and went online in 1997. In its first decade, Cleverbot held several thousand conversations with Carpenter and his associates. Since launching on the web, the number of conversations held has exceeded 150 million. Besides the web application, Cleverbot is also available as an iOS, Android, and Windows Phone app.
You.com
You.com is an artificial intelligence search startup that has pivoted away from consumer search engine operations toward business-focused AI tools and APIs.
stochastic parrot
metaphor to describe the theory that large language models, though able to generate plausible language, do not understand the meaning of the language they process
Neuro-sama
Neuro-sama is an artificial intelligence (AI) VTuber, singer, and chatbot. She was created by the pseudonymous programmer Vedal and livestreams on his Twitch and Bilibili channels. Her speech and personality are powered by a large language model (LLM) that is combined with a computer-animated avatar and a text-to-speech voice, allowing her to communicate with viewers in the stream's chat. Neuro-sama debuted on Twitch on 19 December 2022. An annual subathon which begins on the anniversary of her debut has seen Vedal's Twitch channel become the all-time third most-subscribed channel and claim th
Eugene Goostman
chatbot
SimSimi
SimSimi is an artificial intelligence conversation program created in 2002 by ISMaker. It grows its artificial intelligence day by day assisted by a feature that allows users to teach it to respond correctly. SimSimi, pronounced as "shim-shimi", is from a Korean word simsim () which means "bored". It has an application designed for Android, Windows Phone and iOS.
Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity
open-source chatterbot
chatbot psychosis
psychological harm that can arise from using GenAI chatbots
Talking Angela
2012 chatbotter app
Xiaoice
Xiaoice (, IPA ) is an AI system developed by Microsoft (Asia) Software Technology Center (STCA) in 2014 based on an emotional computing framework. In July 2018, Microsoft Xiaoice released the 6th generation.
DeepSeek
A chatbot developed by DeepSeek company
Celia (Virtual assistant)
AI virtual assistant developed by Huawei
GigaChat
GigaChat is a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by the Russian financial services corporation Sberbank. It was launched in a closed testing mode in April 2023 and is positioned as a Russian alternative to ChatGPT.
Arena
website that allows you to test various large language models
Zo
artificial intelligence chatbot developed by Microsoft
Gemma
family of large language models by Google
PARRY
PARRY was an early example of a chatbot, implemented in 1972 by psychiatrist Kenneth Colby.
Kimi
chatbot
Chinchilla AI
language model by DeepMind
FreeHAL
FreeHAL was a volunteer computing project to build a self-learning chatbot. This project is no longer active.
Jabberwacky
Jabberwacky is a chatbot created by programmer Rollo Carpenter and launched in 1997. Its stated aim is to "simulate natural human chat in an interesting, entertaining (and humorous) manner". It is an early attempt at creating an artificially intelligent chatbot through human interaction.
Gibberlink
thumb|Two chatbots communicate over ggwave protocol GibberLink is an acoustic data transmission project, with an open-source client available on GitHub, in which two conversational AI agents switch from speaking to one another in a Human-listenable language (such as English) to their own unique language that consists of a sound-level protocol after confirming they are both AI agents. The project was created by Anton Pidkuiko and Boris Starkov.
Brave Leo
large language model-based chatbot
Le Chat
artificial intelligence chatbot developed by Mistral AI
Replika
Replika is a generative AI chatbot app released in November 2017. The chatbot is trained by having the user answer a series of questions to create a specific neural network. The chatbot operates on a freemium pricing strategy, with roughly 25% of its user base paying an annual subscription fee.
Doubao
Doubao () is an artificial intelligence assistant developed by ByteDance. The chatbot was launched in August 2023. By November 2024, it had become China's most popular AI chatbot, with approximately 60 million monthly active users according to industry analytics. The international version of Doubao is Dola which was launched in August 2023 as Cici.
Racter
Racter is an artificial intelligence program that generates English language prose at random. It was published by Mindscape for IBM PC compatibles in 1984, then for the Apple II, Mac, and Amiga. An expanded version of the software, not the one released through Mindscape, was used to generate the text for the published book ''The Policeman's Beard Is Half Constructed''.
CHAI
American artificial intelligence corporation