Category
page 1Chess tactics
castling
Castling is a move in chess. It consists of moving the king two squares toward a rook on the same and then moving the rook to the square that the king passed over. Castling is permitted only if neither the king nor the rook has previously moved; the squares between the king and the rook are vacant; and the king does not leave, cross over, or finish on a square attacked by an enemy piece. Castling is the only move in chess in which two pieces are moved at once.
Zugzwang
Zugzwang (; ) is a situation found in chess and other turn-based games wherein one player is put at a disadvantage because of their obligation to make a move; a player is said to be "in zugzwang" when any legal move will worsen their position.
fork
chess piece attacking two or more pieces simultaneously
pin
in chess, a situation brought on by an attacking piece in which a defending piece cannot move without exposing a more valuable defending piece on its other side to capture by the attacking piece
chess tactic
concrete sequence of chess moves leading to an advantage
sacrifice
chess move that offers material gain in exchange for positional advantage
smothered mate
checkmate delivered by a knight in which the mated king is unable to move because he is surrounded (or smothered) by his own pieces
skewer
chess tactic in which one attacks a valuable piece, which the opponent is compelled to move at the cost of losing a less valuable piece behind it
discovered attack
a situation in chess and chess-like games where one piece moves to allow another friendly piece to then attack an enemy piece
combination
in chess, a sequence of moves, often initiated by a sacrifice, which leaves the opponent few options and results in tangible gain
perpetual check
situation in the game of chess
back-rank checkmate
checkmate delivered by a rook or queen along a back rank in which the mated king is unable to move up the board because the king is blocked by friendly pieces (usually pawns) on the second rank
Zwischenzug
The zwischenzug (German: , "intermediate move"; also called an in-between move or intermezzo) is a chess tactic in which a player, instead of playing the expected move (commonly a ), first interposes another move posing an immediate threat that the opponent must answer, and only then plays the expected move. It is a move that has a high degree of "initiative". Ideally, the zwischenzug changes the situation to the player's advantage, such as by gaining or avoiding what would otherwise be a strong continuation for the opponent. When the intermediate move is a check, it is sometimes called an in-
opposition
in chess, when two kings face each other with only one square between them
battery
chess formation that consists of two or more pieces on the same rank, file, or diagonal
windmill
chess tactic in which a combination of discovered checks and regular checks, usually by a rook and a bishop, often forcing the opposing king to move back and forth between two squares, can win massive amounts of material
overloading
chess tactic that gives a defensive piece an additional defensive assignment which it cannot fulfil without abandoning its original defensive assignment
X-ray
chess tactic where a tactic where a piece indirectly attacks an enemy piece through another piece or defends a friendly piece through an enemy piece
triangulation
chess tactic to put one’s opponent in zugzwang
deflection
chess tactic that forces an opposing piece to leave the square, rank or file it occupies, thus exposing the king or a valuable piece
Alekhine's gun
chess formation, consisting of two rooks stacked one behind another and the queen at the rear
chess exchange
series of moves in chess in which the players capture each other’s pieces
decoy
chess tactic
undermining
chess tactic in which a defensive piece is captured, leaving one of the opponent's pieces undefended or under-defended
queen sacrifice
in chess, the sacrifice of a queen
Greek gift sacrifice
in chess, sacrifice of a bishop by Bxh7+ (White) or Bxh2+ (Black) after the opponent’s castling kingside
Réti endgame study
chess endgame study about king and pawn against king and pawn

interference
chess tactic
desperado
chess piece that is to be captured but captures an enemy piece before it happens or will cause stalemate when captured
fortress
endgame drawing technique in which the side behind in material sets up a zone of protection that the opponent cannot penetrate
key square
a square on the chessboard such that if a player's king can occupy it, he can force some gain such as the promotion of a pawn or the capture of an opponent's pawn