Circassian genocide

19th century genocide of Circassians by the Russian Empire

thumb|250px|Muhacirs arriving in Istanbul crossing the [[Galata Bridge, Ottoman Empire, in 1912, with the New Mosque in the background]] Muhacir is a term referring to Ottoman Muslim citizens and their descendants born after the onset of the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. Muhacirs overwhelmingly self-identified as Muslims and their numbers are estimated in the millions. The refugees from Macedonia, Bulgaria, and parts of Serbia had primarily Anatolian Turkish background. Other backgrounds included Albanians, Bosniaks, Chechens, Circassians, Crimean Tatars, Pomaks, Macedonian Muslims, Greek

invasion and annexation of Circassia by the Russian Empire (1763-1864)

last battle of Russo-Circassian War

Trafficking of people across the Black Sea

1861–64 legislature of Circassia