Classical and art music traditions

music of the Arab world

Mugham () or Mughamat () is one of the many classical compositions from Azerbaijan, contrasting with tasnif and ashik.

is a type of Japanese classical music that was historically used for imperial court music and dances. was developed as court music of the Kyoto Imperial Palace, and its near-current form was established in the Heian period (794–1185) around the 10th century. Today, it is performed by the Board of Ceremonies in the Tokyo Imperial Palace. is performed using wind, percussion, and string instruments. Each piece is based on a main melody which each instrument embellishes.

serious music, as opposed to popular or folk music; meta-genre covering global classical music developments

music genre originating in southern India

Muwashshah ( '''' 'girdled'; plural '; also ' 'girdling,' pl. ') is a strophic poetic form that developed in al-Andalus in the late 10th and early 11th centuries. The ', embodying the Iberian rhyme revolution, was the major Andalusi innovation in Arabic poetry, and it was sung and performed musically. The muwaššaḥ features a complex rhyme and metrical scheme usually containing five '''' ( 'branches'; sing. '), with uniform rhyme within each strophe, interspersed with ' ( 'threads for stringing pearls'; sing. '') with common rhyme throughout the song, as well as a terminal kharja'' ( 'exit'), t

Oktōēchos (here transcribed "Octoechos"; Greek: ; from ὀκτώ "eight" and ἦχος "sound, mode" called echos; Slavonic: Осмогласие, Osmoglasie from о́смь "eight" and гласъ, Glagolitic: , "voice, sound") is the eight-mode system used for the composition of religious chant in Byzantine, Syriac, Armenian, Georgian, Latin and Slavic churches since the Middle Ages. In a modified form the octoechos is still regarded as the foundation of the tradition of monodic chant in the Byzantine Rite today.

music and musical traditions of Tibet

thumb|300px|alt=Four musicians with instruments are seated at a table as they face the camera. The lower section of a poster appears on the back wall, displaying the name "Schrammel."|The Schrammel quartet in 1890Schrammelmusik () is a style of Viennese folk music originating in the late nineteenth century and still performed in Austria. The style is named for the prolific folk composers Johann and Josef Schrammel.

traditional music of the Ottoman Empire

music genre

, also known as , refers to a genre of masked drama-dance performance, imported into Japan during the Asuka period. This form of masked dance drama declined by the Kamakura period and became essentially extinct, although there are modern attempts at revival. It had influences on a number of Japanese performance arts such as Noh, bugaku, and kyōgen theatres and shishimai performances.

music's characteristics developed through the country's classical, medieval, and contemporary eras

Yayue () was a form of classical music and dance performed at the royal court and temples in ancient China. The basic conventions of yayue were established in the Western Zhou. Together with law and rites, it formed the formal representation of aristocratic political power.

musical genre of the Arab-Andalusian type (or Andalusian music) that in the 9th century was from Baghdad to Cordoba and Granada. It is traditionally found in the countries of Maghreb Africa

A tonary is a liturgical book in the Western Christian Church which lists by incipit various items of Gregorian chant according to the Gregorian mode (tonus) of their melodies within the eight-mode system. Tonaries often include Office antiphons, the mode of which determines the recitation formula for the accompanying text (the psalm tone if the antiphon is sung with a psalm, or canticle tone if the antiphon is sung with a canticle), but a tonary may also or instead list responsories or Mass chants not associated with formulaic recitation. Although some tonaries are stand-alone works, they wer

music developed in the Joseon dynasty (1392–1910)

In Arabic Music, the mawwāl (; plural: mawāwīl, ) is a traditional and popular Arabic genre of vocal music that is very slow in beat and sentimental in nature, and is characterised by prolonging vowel syllables, emotional vocals, and is usually presented before the actual song begins. The singer performing a mawwal would usually lament and long for something, such as a past lover, a departed family member or a place, in a wailing manner.

ancient classical music of the Indian state of Odisha

Pibroch, ' or ' is an art music genre associated primarily with the Scottish Highlands that is characterised by extended compositions with a melodic theme and elaborate formal variations. Strictly meaning 'piping' in Scottish Gaelic, has for some four centuries been music of the great Highland bagpipe.

Peşrev or Peshrev (Turkish, "prelude"; pronounced ) is an instrumental form in Ottoman music. It is the name of the first piece of music played during a group performance called a fasıl (). It also serves as the penultimate piece of the Mevlevi ayini, a ritual music of the Mevlevi Order, under the name son peşrev (final peşrev), preceding son semai. It usually uses long rhythm cycles, stretching over many measures as opposed to the simpler usul the other major form of instrumental music uses, saz semai.

music and musical traditions of Mongolia

thumb|Royal dance orchestra, Phnom Penh, c. 1907. Instruments from the left: front row: samphor drum, [[roneat dek (metallophone), roneat ek (bamboo xylophone), roneat thung (bamboo xylophone), sralai reed pipe, skor thom drums, other drums. Back row from the left: sralai, kong von thom, kong von toch.]] The Pinpeat (, ) is the largest Khmer traditional musical ensemble. It has performed the ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples of Cambodia since ancient times. The orchestra consists of approximately nine or ten instruments, mainly wind and percussion (including several varieties of

thumb | right '''''Ma'luf''' ( Ma'lūf'') is a genre of art music in the Andalusian classical music tradition of Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia. It is of Iberian origin and was introduced to the Maghreb by Andalusi refugees.

'''''Sama'i''' (also known as usul semai) is a vocal piece of Ottoman Turkish music composed in meter. This form and meter (usul in Turkish) is often confused with the completely different saz semaisi, an instrumental form consisting of three to four sections, in meter, or usul aksak semai (broken semai'' in Turkish).

music genre

thumb|Video: Piphat played at Wat Khung Taphao, Uttaradit Province thumb|Video 2 thumb|Sound sample A piphat () is a kind of ensemble in the classical music of Thailand, which features wind and percussion instruments. It is considered the primary form of ensemble for the interpretation of the most sacred and "high-class" compositions of the Thai classical repertoire, including the Buddhist invocation entitled sathukan () as well as the suites called phleng rueang. It is also used to accompany traditional Thai theatrical and dance forms including khon () (masked dance-drama), lakhon (classical