Classical-era Greek historians

Herodotus (; BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus (now Bodrum, Turkey), under Persian control in the 5th century BC, and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy. He wrote the Histories, a detailed account of the Greco-Persian Wars, among other subjects such as the rise of the Achaemenid dynasty of Cyrus. He has been described as "The Father of History", a title conferred on him by the ancient Roman orator Cicero.

Thucydides ( ; ; BC) was an Athenian historian and general. His History of the Peloponnesian War recounts the fifth-century BC war between Sparta and Athens until the year 411 BC. Thucydides has been dubbed the father of "scientific history" by those who accept his claims to have applied strict standards of impartiality and evidence-gathering and analysis of cause and effect, without reference to intervention by the gods, as outlined in his introduction to his work.

Xenophon of Athens (; ; 355/354 BC) was a Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian. At the age of 30, he was elected as one of the leaders of the retreating Greek mercenaries, the Ten Thousand, who had been part of Cyrus the Younger's attempt to seize control of the Achaemenid Empire. As the military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge wrote, "the centuries since have devised nothing to surpass the genius of this warrior".

Greek historian and geographer (c.550–c.476 BC)

Ctesias ( ; ; ), also known as Ctesias of Cnidus, was a Greek physician and historian from the town of Cnidus in Caria, then part of the Achaemenid Empire.

Ephorus of Cyme (; , Ephoros ho Kymaios; 330 BC) was an ancient Greek historian known for his universal history, now lost.

ancient Greek philosopher

Theopompus (, Theópompos; 380 BC 315 BC) was an ancient Greek historian and rhetorician who was a student of Isocrates.

5th century BC Greek logographer

5th-century BC Greek historian and logographer

Philistus (; 432 – 356 BC), son of Archomenidas, was a Greek historian from Sicily.

ancient Greek historian

4th-century BC Greek historian and tyrant of Samos

Dinon or Deinon (Greek or ) of Colophon (fl. c. 360 – 340 BC) was a Greek historian and chronicler, the author of a history of Persia, many fragments of which survive. The Suda mistakenly attributes this work to Dio Cassius. He was the father of the historian Cleitarchus.

Macedonian historian

4th-century BC Athenian historian

Herodorus (), also called Herodorus of Heraclea () was a native of Heraclea Pontica and wrote a history on Heracles around 400 BC. Plutarch references Herodorus several times in his account of Theseus in Parallel Lives. He is among the authors (= FGrHist 31) whose fragments were collected in Felix Jacoby's Fragmente der griechischen Historiker.

5th-century BC Greek sophist and logographer

ancient Greek historian

ancient Greek historian

In ancient Greece, Atthidographers (, atthidographos) were local historians of Attica. They wrote histories of Athens called Atthides (singular: Atthis). Atthidography is the best-attested genre of local history from the ancient Greek world, with fragments of more than fifty authors preserved.

ancient Greek writer

Sophaenetus () was one of the leaders of the Ten Thousand, an army of Greek mercenaries in the service of Cyrus the Younger, in 401–400 BC. A native of Stymphalus, he was an older man when he recruited and led one thousand hoplites to join Cyrus. He led the army back to the Black Sea and from Trapezus to Cerasus by ship. At Cotyora, he was fined 10 minae for mishandling funds.