Computer buses

thumb|USB 80 Gbit/s port logo Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an industry standard, developed by USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF), for digital data transmission and power delivery between many types of electronics. It specifies the architecture, in particular the physical interfaces, and communication protocols to and from hosts, such as personal computers, to and from peripheral devices, e.g. displays, keyboards, and mass storage devices, and to and from intermediate hubs, which multiply the number of a host's ports.

system that transfers data between components within a computer

serial bus interface standard

circuit board able to be connected to a computer system to add functionality

an interface for connecting peripherals to computers, mainly used for connecting printers; was replaced by other technologies like USB and WLAN

computer hardware interface

16-bit internal bus of the IBM PC/AT

computer communication interface (bus) often used in Intel-chip-based computers during the 1990s and 2000s; replaced by replaced by HyperTransport, Intel QuickPath Interconnect or Direct Media Interface in modern CPUs

synchronous serial communication interface

proprietary computer bus and power connector by Apple Inc.

bus standard for IBM PC compatible computers

thumb|Logo of the HyperTransport Consortium

thumb|IEEE 488 cable with stacking connectors

user-controllable digital signal pin on an integrated circuit

InfiniBand (IB) is a computer networking standard used in high-performance computing that features very high throughput and very low latency. It is used for data interconnect both among and within computers. InfiniBand is also used as either a direct or switched interconnect between servers and storage systems, as well as an interconnect between storage systems. It is designed to be scalable and uses a switched fabric network topology. Between 2014 and June 2016, it was the most commonly used interconnect in the TOP500 list of supercomputers.

thumb|KNX universal light dimming actuator with two channels thumb|KNX transceiver board by Elmos KNX is an open standard (see EN 50090, ISO/IEC 14543) for commercial and residential building automation. KNX devices can manage lighting, blinds and shutters, HVAC, security systems, energy management, audio video, domestic appliances, displays, remote control, etc. KNX evolved from three earlier standards; the European Home Systems Protocol (EHS), BatiBUS, and the European Installation Bus (EIB or Instabus).

set of IEEE standards relating to parallel peripheral interfaces

device which connects a computer, which acts as the host system, to other network and storage devices

thumb|right|VME64 crate with, from left, an ADC module, a scaler module and a processor module

computer processor bus

proprietary bit-serial peripheral bus connecting low-speed devices to computers

single-ended simple two-wire bus for the purpose of lightweight communication

communications standard

Early computer bus

technical standard

method for electrically transmitting information using two complementary signals

thumb|right|300px|Major components on a PICMG 1.3 active backplane thumb|Wire-wrapped backplane from a 1960s PDP-8 minicomputer A backplane or backplane system is a group of electrical connectors in parallel with each other, so that each pin of each connector is linked to the same relative pin of all the other connectors, forming a computer bus. It is used to connect several printed circuit boards together to make up a complete computer system. Backplanes commonly use a printed circuit board, but wire-wrapped backplanes have also been used in minicomputers and high-reliability applications.

system for multiple bus access

Computer bus used by CPUs

single computer bus that connects the major components of a computer system, combining the functions of a data bus to carry information, an address bus to determine where it should be sent, and a control bus to determine its operation

thumb|right|upright=1.5|A PCI-104 single-board computer

Centronics Data Computer Corporation was an American manufacturer of computer printers, now remembered primarily for the parallel interface that bears its name, the Centronics connector.

computer bus to connect low-bandwidth devices to the CPU

computer bus used by Intel for connecting the northbridge and southbridge on a computer motherboard

Circuit board allowing attachment of expansion cards to a computer system with low profile

eXtensions for instrumentation bus

computer bus architecture

Instabus, is a decentralized open system to manage and control electrical devices within a facility. It is developed by Berker, Gira, Jung, Merten and Siemens AG. There are about 200 companies of electrical supplies using this communication protocol. The European Installation Bus (EIB) allows all electrical components to be interconnected through an electrical bus. Every component is able to send commands to other components, no matter where they are. A typical EIB network is made of electrical components such as switches, pulsers, electric motors, electrovalves, contactors, and sensors.

thumb|Multibus I CPU card from a Sun-2 workstation thumb|Intel iSBC 386/116 Multibus II Single Board Computer with VLSI Technology|VLSI A82389 as Multibus Controller Multibus is a computer bus standard used in industrial systems. It was developed by Intel Corporation and was adopted as the IEEE 796 bus.

OpenWebNet is a communications protocol developed by Bticino since 2000.

thumb|right|Two SBus cards thumb|right |upright=1.8 |SBus male connector SBus is a computer bus system that was used in most SPARC-based computers (including all SPARCstations) from Sun Microsystems and others during the 1990s. It was introduced by Sun in 1989 to be a high-speed bus counterpart to their high-speed SPARC processors, replacing the earlier (and by this time, outdated) VMEbus used in their Motorola 68020- and 68030-based systems and early SPARC boxes. When Sun moved to open the SPARC definition in the early 1990s, SBus was likewise standardized and became IEEE-1496. In 1997 Sun st

M-Bus or Meter-Bus is a European standard (EN 13757-2 physical and link layer, EN 13757-3 application layer) for the remote reading of water, gas or electricity meters. M-Bus is also usable for other types of consumption meters, such as heat meters or water meters. The M-Bus interface is made for communication on two wires, making it cost-effective. A radio variant of M-Bus Wireless M-Bus is also specified in EN 13757–4.

high-speed multimedia network technology used in the automotive industry

Computer bus

thumb|A DEC Core Memory Unibus card (16K × 18)

Computer serial port

computer bus used on early Intel platforms to connect the CPU to CPU cache memory, usually off-die L2

serial communication protocol for digital camera sensors

NVLink is a wire-based serial, multi-lane, near-range, communications link developed by Nvidia. Unlike PCI Express, a device can consist of multiple NVLinks, and devices can use mesh networking to communicate instead of a central hub/switch. The protocol was first announced in March 2014 and uses a proprietary high-speed signaling interconnect (NVHS).

thumb|SSDs with U.2 interface

interface standard for communications between a media access control (MAC) layer system and physical layer device (PHY)

communications standard for connecting marine electronics

type of logic signaling

Amiga 2000 expansion bus

SpaceWire is a spacecraft communication network based in part on the IEEE 1355 standard of communications. It is coordinated by the European Space Agency (ESA) in collaboration with international space agencies including NASA, JAXA, and RKA.

thumb|right|Serial HIPPI fibre optic cable

SPARC connector

RapidIO is a packet-switched interconnect technology used to link electronic components. It allows devices to exchange messages, perform read and write operations, and maintain cache coherence. RapidIO follows common electrical standards, such as those used in Ethernet, and can connect chips, circuit boards, or entire systems together. == History == The RapidIO Trade Association was founded around February 2000 with early members such as Cisco Systems, Galileo Technology, HAL Computer Systems, Lucent Technologies, Mercury Computer Systems, Motorola, Nortel Networks, Seagull Semiconductor, Tund