Computing terminology

thumb|upright=1.35|Participants in the Coding da Vinci hackathon, [[Berlin, Germany, April 26–27, 2014|alt=A group of people working on laptop computers at a common table]]

computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device

thumb|Cyberwarfare specialists of the United States Army's 782nd Military Intelligence Battalion (Cyber) supporting the [[3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division during a training exercise in 2019]]

person who uses a computer or network service

thumb|Screenshot of one virtualization environment

thumb|An example of software interoperability: a mobile device and a TV device both playing the same digital music file that is stored on a server off-screen in the home network

computer system used for editing and creating music and audio

192px|thumb|right|An Octet (computing)|octet [[code page 866 font table ordered by nibbles.]]

directive to a computer program

thumb|231x231px|Foobar being used to show transclusion

process for planning, creating, testing, deploying, and maintaining an engineered system

Implementation is the realization of an application, execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, policy, or the administration or management of a process or objective.

person who ultimately uses or is intended to ultimately use a product; stands in contrast to users who support or maintain the product

preexisting value of a user-configurable setting of a software application, computer program or device

Multiprocessing (MP) is the use of two or more central processing units (CPUs) within a single computer system. The term also refers to the ability of a system to support more than one processor or the ability to allocate tasks between them. There are many variations on this basic theme, and the definition of multiprocessing can vary with context, mostly as a function of how CPUs are defined (multiple cores on one die, multiple dies in one package, multiple packages in one system unit, etc.).

range of discrete addresses, each of which may correspond to a network host, peripheral device, disk sector, a memory cell or other logical or physical entity

computer key

restoration of a system to a previous stable state

program lifecycle phase, time during which a program is running (executing)

sequence of digitally encoded coherent signals (packets of data or data packets) used to transmit or receive information that is in the process of being transmitted

physical or virtual component of limited availability within a computer system

combination of analog and digital computer

act of obtaining secrets and information using methods on the Internet, networks or individual computers

process by which a computer or a virtual machine performs the instructions of a computer program

computer system state that outlives the process that created it

automated configuration, coordination, and management of computer systems and software

allows the sender of a message to conceal the person entered in the BCC field from the other recipients

issues of what to call a system with the GNU toolchain and the Linux kernel

An upgrade is the result of improving something by replacing part of it or adding additional parts. For example, one can upgrade a computer by replacing the CPU with a faster one and by adding more RAM, and afterwards, the computer is an upgrade. Although often used in the context of technology, anything can be upgraded (improved).

computer user who uses more advanced features of computer hardware, operating systems, programs, or web sites than the average user

software written to control machines or devices that are not typically thought of as computers

measurement of the risk of losing key experts on a team

type of software or components thereof

software not customized from their original form

computer software failure mode in which a process makes no progress and stops responding to input

thumb|The word "fnord"|300x300px "Fnord" () is a word coined in 1965 by Kerry Thornley and Greg Hill in the Discordian religious text Principia Discordia. It entered into popular culture after appearing in The Illuminatus! Trilogy (1975) of novels written by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson. Here, the interjection "fnord" is given hypnotic power over the unenlightened, and children in grade school are taught to be unable to see the word consciously. For the rest of their lives, every appearance of the word subconsciously generates a feeling of unease and confusion which prevents rational co

hardware/software system designed to function identically to another system

concept in software development

In systems engineering, dependability is a measure of a system's availability, reliability, maintainability, and in some cases, other characteristics such as durability, safety and security. In real-time computing, dependability is the ability to provide services that can be trusted within a time-period. The service guarantees must hold even when the system is subject to attacks or natural failures.

unit of executable work in computing

unscheduled termination of a process

A Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) is a wide area network that uses software-defined networking technology, such as communicating over the Internet using overlay tunnels which are encrypted when destined for internal organization locations.

type of communication network node

an automatic method of analysing text in order to identify phrases which fulfil the criteria for terms

Footprinting (also known as reconnaissance) is the technique used for gathering information about computer systems and the entities they belong to. To get this information, a hacker might use various tools and technologies. This information is very useful to a hacker who is trying to crack a whole system.

the sampling frequency of a digital audio device

in computer science, the act of merging two adjacent free blocks of memory

environment in which users run application software

using direct observation techniques, such as looking over someone's shoulder, to get information

authenticated entity in computer security

software restore of an electronic device to its original system state

ordered list of requirements that is maintained for a product in scrum

ability to continuously deliver an intended outcome, despite adverse cyber events

ability of computer systems to exchange data with unambiguous, shared meaning

property where a computer system can run code compiled for another system unmodified

login using a social networking account

software that is specially developed for some specific organization or other user

altering of a name of a file

computers connected to a computer network

In computer science, canonicalization (sometimes standardization or normalization) is a process for converting data that has more than one possible representation into a "standard", "normal", or canonical form. This can be done to compare different representations for equivalence, to count the number of distinct data structures, to improve the efficiency of various algorithms by eliminating repeated calculations, or to make it possible to impose a meaningful sorting order.