Corporate development

A dividend is the distribution of profits by a corporation to its shareholders. When a corporation earns a profit or surplus, it is able to pay a portion of the profit as a dividend to shareholders. Any amount not distributed is taken to be re-invested in the business (called retained earnings). The current year's profit as well as the retained earnings of previous years are available for distribution; a corporation is usually prohibited from paying a dividend out of its capital. Distribution to shareholders may be in cash (usually by bank transfer) or, if the corporation has a dividend reinve

type of business grouping, particularly in Europe

framework to analyse level of competition within an industry

model

costs that change in proportion to the good or service that a business produces

collection of parent and subsidiary corporations that function as a single economic entity through a common source of control

mathematical framework for assembling a portfolio of assets such that the expected return is maximized for a given level of risk, defined as variance

analysis with risk acceptance criteria or other decision parameters

acquisition of a company using a significant proportion of borrowed money

systematic planning, management and control of innovation in organizations

security with value derived from a commodity or asset

way a corporation finances its assets through some combination of equity, debt, or hybrid securities

state of the economy in which production represents consumer preferences, resulting in optimal distribution of goods

process of determining economic value of an owner's interest

in business, the process of managing the stock of goods held for sale in a retail establishment or warehouse

implementation of an investment strategy that attempts to balance risk versus reward by adjusting the percentage of each asset in an investment portfolio according to the investor's risk tolerance, goals and investment time frame

centralized management of the processes, methods, and technologies used by project managers and project management offices to analyze and collectively manage current or proposed projects based on numerous key characteristics

overview of cost in the field of economics

Corporatization is the process of transforming and restructuring state assets, government agencies, public organizations, or municipal organizations into corporations. It involves the adoption and application of business management practices and the separation of ownership from management through the creation of a joint-stock or shareholding structure for the organization. The result of corporatization is the creation of state-owned corporations (or corporations at other government levels, such as municipally owned corporations) where the government retains a majority ownership of the corporat

financial ratio

part of the economic and business process is divided into investment, financing and risk management

accounting cost concept

Necessary and sufficient conditions for a market to be arbitrage free and complete

planning for how a business or individual can achieve their goals

Economic term