Courts by type

highest court in a jurisdiction

court that deals primarily with constitutional law

court of law empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal

thumb|Andrew Birrell (after Henry Fuseli), Caractacus at the Tribunal of Claudius at Rome (1792)

courts established by international agreements

court without judicial credibility

type of court specializing in administrative law

independent commission tasked with discovering past crimes against humanity by a government. Starting in Latin America in the 1980s, several such commissions were initiated worldwide from the 1990s

type of jury empowered by law to conduct legal proceedings, investigate potential criminal conduct, and determine whether criminal charges should be brought

a high instance court that exists in some judicial systems

courts with higher status than some of other courts, sometimes refer to supreme court

category of courts

court dealing with matters of family law

judiciary body which rules on labor or employment-related matters

type of court in which trials take place

system of community justice used in Rwanda after the 1994 genocide

Xeer (pronounced ) is the traditional legal system used by Somalis in Djibouti, Somalia, Somaliland, Somali Region of Ethiopia, and the North Eastern Province in Kenya. It is one of the three systems from which formal Somali law draws its inspiration, the others being civil law and Islamic law. It is believed to pre-date Islam. However, Islam influenced it, with Xeer incorporating many Islamic legal principles. Under this system, the elders, known as the , serve as mediator judges and help settle court cases, taking precedent and custom into account. Xeer is polycentric in that different group

type of court in many countries

court with general jurisdiction

court with limited jurisdiction

court by type

courts with limited jurisdiction to hear civil cases between private litigants

French court

courts without supreme appellate jurisdiction

court with irregular procedure or composition

The dikastērion (, translit. dikastērion; pl. dikastēria) was the system of popular jury courts in Classical Athens during the 5th and 4th centuries BCE. Alongside the Assembly (ekklesia) and the Council of 500 (boule), it formed one of the three central pillars of Athenian democracy. The dikastēria heard the vast majority of private suits (dikai) and public prosecutions (graphai)—excluding homicide. The term Heliaia, properly the name of the largest court venue (whose location remains unknown), came to be used by some ancient sources as a synonym for the system as a whole. Modern English-lang

court specializing in patent law