Criminology

thumb|Human civilisations throughout history have universally considered murder to be a crime.

thumb|350x350px|Three women in the pillory, China, 1875 Criminology (from Latin , 'accusation', and Ancient Greek , -logia, from λόγος logos, 'word, reason') is the interdisciplinary study of crime and deviant behaviour. Criminology is a multidisciplinary field in both the behavioural and social sciences, which draws primarily upon the research of sociologists, political scientists, economists, legal sociologists, psychologists, philosophers, psychiatrists, social workers, biologists, social anthropologists, scholars of law and jurisprudence, as well as the processes that define administration

Psychopathy, or psychopathic personality, is a personality construct characterized by impaired empathy and remorse, persistent antisocial behavior, along with bold, disinhibited, and egocentric traits. These traits are often masked by superficial charm and immunity to stress, which create an outward appearance of normality.

application of science to criminal and civil laws

personality disorder that involves a pervasive pattern of disregard for other people

thumb|Phrenological skull, European, 19th century. Wellcome Collection, London

sexual act or attempt to obtain a sexual act by violence or coercion

thumb|A Street fighting|street level rumble of Apache gang members battling Parisian Police officers en masse on 14 August 1904 A gang is a group or society of associates, friends, or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collectively, in illegal, and possibly violent, behavior, with such behavior often constituting a form of organized crime.

A lockdown () is a restriction policy for people, community or a country to stay where they are, usually due to specific risks that could possibly harm the people if they move and interact freely.

action or behavior that violates social norms

Latin phrase

Victimology is the study of victimization, including the psychological effects on victims, the relationship between victims and offenders, the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system—that is, the police and courts, and corrections officials—and the connections between victims and other social groups and institutions, such as the media, businesses, and social movements.

criminological theory

participation in illegal behavior by minors

study of the wills, thoughts, intentions, and reactions of criminals

a school of sociological thought that emerged in the 1920s and 1930s at the University of Chicago and was a key influence on the development of qualitative sociological research

Latin phrase meaning "who benefits?"

person who commits or who acts to entice another person to commit an illegal or rash act

policy with no discretion for leniency

activities with the primary goal of preventing crime in the context of law enforcement and criminal justice

plea to insanity of crimnal actions used in a court system

taxonomy to categorize human physiques

Neo-feudalism or new feudalism is a theorized contemporary rebirth of policies of governance, economy, and public life, reminiscent of those which were present in many feudal societies. Such aspects include, but are not limited to: Unequal rights and legal protections for common people and for nobility, dominance of societies by a small and powerful elite, a lack of social mobility, and relations of lordship and serfdom between the elite and the people, where the former are rich and the latter poor.

theory of how the self-identity and behavior of individuals may be determined or influenced by the terms used to describe or classify them

classification of criminal offences

influence of forensic science fiction on public perceptions

criminal offense of making hostile physical contact

An inquest is a judicial inquiry in common law jurisdictions, particularly one held to determine the cause of a person's death. Conducted by a judge, jury, or government official, an inquest may or may not require an autopsy carried out by a coroner or medical examiner. Generally, inquests are conducted only when deaths are sudden or unexplained. An inquest may be called at the behest of a coroner, judge, prosecutor, or, in some jurisdictions, upon a formal request from the public. A coroner's jury may be convened to assist in this type of proceeding. Inquest can also mean such a jury and the

criminal act that is modelled or inspired by a previous crime that has been reported in the media or described in fiction

performing an action considered bad

use of punishment as a threat to deter people from offending

personality disorder diagnosis involving sadism

mistreatment under the guise of religion to use unfairly or improperly gain benefit

Criminalization or criminalisation, in criminology, is "the process by which behaviors and individuals are transformed into crime and criminals". Previously legal acts may be transformed into crimes by legislation or judicial decision. However, there is usually a formal presumption in the rules of statutory interpretation against the retrospective application of laws, and only the use of express words by the legislature may rebut this presumption. The power of judges to make new law and retrospectively criminalise behaviour is also discouraged. In a less overt way, where laws have not been str

fear of being a victim of crime as opposed to the actual probability of being a victim of crime

proposed personality disorder

crimes that are undetected, unattributed to an identifiable perpetrator, or otherwise unsolved or unsolvable

crimes committed either by a corporation or its representatives

reporting of a rape where no rape has occurred or it has been perpetrated by other person and not the accused one

urban planning paradigm

Legalization is the process of removing a legal prohibition against something which is currently not legal.

difference between crimes committed and reported

subfield of anthropology

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

psychological method where people turn off inner protests

criminological theory

school of criminology

criminological theory that, through interaction with others, individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motives for criminal behavior

research field that analyzes the degree of correlation between themes of violence in media sources with real-world aggression and violence

Theory in criminology

Impact of Columbine on future tragedies.

non-fiction work by Henry H. Goddard

visual mapping of criminal activities

sociological theory on the origins of criminal behavior

explore how evolutionary adaptation influences the psychology of rapists

18th-century work during the Enlightenment by the utilitarian and social-contract philosophers Jeremy Bentham and Cesare Beccaria

different theories

field that aims to explain crime and antisocial behavior by exploring both biological factors and environmental factors

sociologic theory on crime and neighbourhood ecology