Demography

changes in the constituent parts of an economy in a very general sense

number of maternal deaths in a given period per 100,000 live births (Maternal deaths/live births)

city proper

Function in actuarial science

Whiteshift: Populism, Immigration and the Future of White Majorities is a 2018 non-fiction book written by Eric Kaufmann, a professor at Birkbeck College, University of London. Described by The Economist as a "monumental study of ethno-demographic change", Whiteshift covers politics in both Europe and North America and looks into the political views of the populist right. Kaufmann argues that the rise of Donald Trump in America and the populist right in Europe is a reaction to sweeping demographic change rather than to "economic anxiety".

study of human behavior and cultural diversity

average number of daughters per woman if she survived all her childbearing years

Wikimedia list article

study of the relationship between politics and population change