Disinformation operations

series of confidential Microsoft memoranda on potential strategies

KGB disinformation campaign

policy wherein governments or groups within a government allow or encourage extremist groups to perform attacks, e.g. allegedly in Italy during 1968–1982, when far-left and far-right groups performed bombings

internet outage in Iran

false or misleading statements made by Donald Trump

act of a government or state to manipulate the Internet

Russian TV channel

fictional aircraft

1945 U.S. disinformation operation

pro-Kremlin disinformation campaign

thumb|German Jewish soldiers celebrate Hanukkah, 1916 Judenzählung (, German for "Jew census / counting") was a measure instituted by the Imperial German Army's Oberste Heeresleitung (OHL) in October 1916, during the upheaval of World War I. Designed to confirm accusations of the lack of patriotism among German Jews, the census disproved the charges, but its results were not made public. However, its figures were published in an antisemitic brochure. Jewish authorities, who themselves had compiled statistics that considerably exceeded the figures in the brochure, were denied access to governme

Hacker team specialized on political manipulations such as election

television news channel

coordinated dissemination of false information

multilingual news website

disinformation campaign by the United States military

1964 Eastern Bloc disinformation operation involving fake Nazi-era documents

Funkspiel () was a German term most used referring to counter-intelligence operations in France against the Special Operations Executive during World War II. SOE was a British organisation formed in 1940 to conduct espionage, sabotage and reconnaissance in Axis occupied countries and to aid local resistance movements.

Russian disinformation network

23-year FBI counterintelligence operation against the Soviet Union

tobacco industry marketing and political strategy to protect revenues in the face of evidence linking smoking and serious diseases

Soviet disinformation campaign to discredit the Vatican

disgraced British public relations company

crimean disinformation website