Economic warfare

unrestricted warfare in which belligerents engage with all available resources and/or civilians and civil infrastructure are considered legitimate targets

embargo of Napoleonic Europe against Britain

two or more states raising or creating tariffs or other trade barriers on each other in retaliation for other trade barriers

set of contingencies undertaken by a modern state to mobilize its economy for war production

exercise by the Nazis to forge British bank notes

Shipping traffic through the Strait of Hormuz, a major maritime choke point for world energy trade, has been largely blocked by Iran since 28 February 2026, when the United States and Israel launched an air war against Iran and assassinated its supreme leader Ali Khamenei. In retaliation, Iran launched missile and drone attacks on Israel, US military bases, and US-allied Gulf states. The Iranian Revolutionary Guard (IRGC) issued warnings forbidding passage through the strait, has boarded and attacked merchant ships, and has laid sea mines in the strait. Since 13 April, the US has blockaded Iranian ports, leading to a "dual blockade" of the strait. Until the US–Israeli war against Iran, the Strait of Hormuz was open and about 25% of the world's seaborne oil trade and 20% of the world's liquefied natural gas (LNG) passed through it.

operations aimed at degrading an opponent's ability to sustain their economic health

1942 attempted WWII German sabotage operation against the Continental United States

United States federal law

Impact of the Industrial Age on warfare

1816 battle of the Pemmican War

A form of naval warfare

U.S. law

coordinated mobilization of society's resources towards supporting a military force

Deliberate disruption of trade or finance

type of warship disguised as a non-militant

war fought over resources

Wikimedia disambiguation page

plot by Hungarian nationalists to forge French bank notes