English Civil War

series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists

historic republic on the British Isles (1649–1660)

conflict

The Parliamentarians, commonly called Roundheads by their enemies, were the supporters of the Parliament of England during the English Civil War (1642–1651). They fought against King Charles I of England and his supporters, known as the Cavaliers or Royalists, who claimed rule by absolute monarchy and the principle of the divine right of kings. The goal of the Roundheads was to give to Parliament the supreme control over executive administration of England.

market town in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England

thumb|upright|Prince Rupert of the Rhine, often considered to be an archetypal Cavalier

right|thumb|Des Wilson in 1987 as president of the Liberal Party, holding as symbol of his office a copy of Areopagitica '''''Areopagitica; A speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc'd Printing, to the Parlament of England''' is a 1644 prose polemic by the English poet, scholar, and polemical author John Milton opposing licensing. Areopagitica'' is among history's most influential and impassioned philosophical defences of the principle of a right to freedom of speech and expression. Many of its expressed principles have formed the basis for modern justifications of that right.

brimmed and crested helmet

civil war in England 1642-1646

thumb|German burgonet of classic form, 16th century The burgonet helmet (sometimes called a burgundian sallet) was a Renaissance-era and early modern combat helmet. It was the successor of the sallet.

proclamation by Charles II of England, promising a general pardon for crimes committed during the English Civil War and the Interregnum for all those recognising Charles

ruins of castle with later buildings in Halton, Cheshire, England, UK

1650-1652 English invasion of Scotland

Part of English Civil War (1648)

village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England, UK

period between the execution of Charles I on 30 January 1649 and the start of the Restoration

1641 petition of Parliament to Charles I

burgonet with a long neck guard

Set of declarations made to change the English state

organization

thumb|upright|Harquebusier, carbine-armed cavalry, 17th century The harquebusier was the most common form of cavalry found throughout Western Europe during the early to mid-17th century. Early harquebusiers were characterised by the use of a type of carbine called a "harquebus". In England, harquebusier was the technical name for this type of cavalry, though in everyday usage they were usually simply called 'cavalry' or 'horse'. In Germany they were often termed Ringerpferd, or sometimes Reiter, in Sweden they were called lätta ryttare.

English oak tree which was in Boscobel Wood

see also Tresillian House

historic site in Norton, Runcorn, Cheshire, England, United Kingdom

thumb|Corfe Castle in [[Dorset was slighted in 1646 during the English Civil War. Parliament slighted or proposed to slight more than 100 buildings, including castles, town walls, abbeys, and houses.|alt=The shattered remains of a stone building, with two walls of a tower standing higher above the ruins.]] Slighting is the deliberate damage of high-status buildings to reduce their value as military, administrative, or social structures. This destruction of property is sometimes extended to the contents of buildings and the surrounding landscape. It is a phenomenon with complex motivations and

1649 purported autobiography by Charles I of England

tax in medieval England

thumbnail|right|Shown is a small Type 2 English lock of the English Civil War era. The lock is in the full-cock position. The dog has been automatically pushed out of the notch in the back of the cock and is lying back horizontally.

right|thumb|150px|Woman in a Capotain by Nicholas Hilliard, 1602 A capotain, capatain, copotain, copintank or steeple hat is a tall-crowned, narrow-brimmed, slightly conical "sugarloaf" hat, usually black, worn by men and women from the 1590s into the mid-seventeenth century in England and northwestern Europe. Earlier capotains had rounded crowns; later, the crown was flat at the top.

white hunting poodle belonging to Prince Rupert of the Rhine

1599 treatise by James VI of Scotland

passed by the Long Parliament of England on 3 April 1645

royalist newspaper in English Civil War

petition present to English Parliament in 1640