Eukaryote phyla

The phylum Sarcomastigophora belongs to the Protista or protoctista kingdom and it includes many unicellular or colonial, autotrophic, or heterotrophic organisms. It is characterized by flagella, pseudopodia, or both.

Loukozoa (From Greek loukos: groove) is a proposed taxon used in some classifications of eukaryotes, consisting of the Metamonada and Malawimonadea. Ancyromonads are closely related to this group, as sister of the entire group, or as sister of the Metamonada. Amorphea may have emerged in this grouping, specifically as sister of the malawimonads.

Preaxostyla, also known as Anaeromonadea, is a group of excavate protists, comprising the oxymonads, Trimastix, and Paratrimastix. This group is studied as a model system for reductive evolution of mitochondria, because it includes both organisms with anaerobic mitochondrion-like organelles (Trimastix and Paratrimastix), and those that have completely lost their mitochondria (oxymonads Monocercomonoides, Streblomastix, and Blattamonas).