Evidence law

In law, a witness is someone who, either voluntarily or under compulsion, provides testimonial evidence, either oral or written, of what they know or claim to know.

body of facts in a legal proceding

quality of natural and juridical persons necessary for their actions to have legal effect

In law, a presumption is an "inference of a particular fact". There are two types of presumptions: rebuttable presumptions and irrebuttable (or conclusive) presumptions. A rebuttable presumption will either shift the burden of production (requiring the disadvantaged party to produce some evidence to the contrary) or the burden of proof (requiring the disadvantaged party to show the presumption is wrong); in short, a fact finder can reject a rebuttable presumption based on other evidence. Conversely, a conclusive/irrebuttable presumption cannot be challenged by contradictory facts or evidence.

Testimony is a solemn attestation as to the truth of a situation.

in law, the obligation on a party in a trial to produce evidence

someone with specialised knowledge who testifies in court

authoritative establishment of fact

the right to refuse to answer questions from law enforcement officers or court officials

legal procedure by which the police commence search of an entity's property and seize/confiscate any relevant evidence

thumb|Vasil Levski's affidavit, 16 June 1872, Bucharest, Romania

scientific data, research, or analysis considered to be spurious or fraudulent

statement by a suspect in crime which is adverse to that person

In criminal law, self-incrimination is the act of making a statement that exposes oneself to an accusation of criminal liability or prosecution. Self-incrimination can occur either directly or indirectly: directly, by means of interrogation where information of a self-incriminatory nature is disclosed; or indirectly, when information of a self-incriminatory nature is disclosed voluntarily without pressure from another person.

legal principle requiring proof of a crime occurring prior to conviction of anyone for that crime

thumb|upright=1.35|Diana and Actaeon (Titian)|Diana and Actaeon by [[Titian has a full provenance covering its passage through several owners and four countries since it was painted for Philip II of Spain in the 1550s.]]

evidence that indirectly supports a conclusion, but allows for multiple explanations

admission of guilt for a crime for which the confessor is not responsible

Penal code of the Republic of India

thumb|Chief prosecutor James M. McHaney examines defendant Gerhard Rose at the [[Doctors' Trial.]]

evidential information stored or transmitted in digital form

Erstwhile law of India

Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of India

in law, attempt to avoid criminal or civil liability

a means by which inputs, outputs and associated attributes are transferred, monitored and controlled as they move forward through each step in the supply chain

U.S. rule against evidence that came through a government violation of the defendant's constitutional rights

type of legal provision

In law, rebuttal is a form of evidence that is presented to contradict or nullify other evidence that has been presented by an adverse party. By analogy the same term is used in politics and public affairs to refer to the informal process by which statements, designed to refute or negate specific arguments (see Counterclaim) put forward by opponents, are deployed in the media.

material object used as evidence in a judicial proceeding

mark left by the skidding of an object, often a tire

latin legal maxim

type of testimony

admissibility evidence

additional confirmatory evidence found to support a proposition and increase confidence in its truth

United Kingdom legislation

subject of court cases

Human rights organization

rule in the law of evidence that allows a fact to be introduced into evidence

out-of-court oral testimony of a witness, reduced to writing

legal term

1970 multilateral treaty

attempting to improperly influence, alter, or prevent the testimony of witnesses

the in-trial questioning of a witness by the party who has called them to testify

media records describing an occurrence

Jurimetrics is the application of quantitative methods, especially probability and statistics, to law. In the United States, the journal Jurimetrics is published by the American Bar Association and Arizona State University. The Journal of Empirical Legal Studies is another publication that emphasizes the statistical analysis of law.

witness at trial whose testimony on direct examination is either openly antagonistic or appears to be contrary to the legal position of the party who called the witness

legal term