Evolution of the biosphere

paradigm that living organisms interact with their surroundings in a self-regulating system

Portion of the Cambrian Period during which life vastly diversified

thumb|upright=1.5|The pollinating wasp Dasyscolia ciliata in [[pseudocopulation with a flower of Ophrys speculum]] In biology, coevolution occurs when two or more species reciprocally affect each other's evolution through the process of natural selection. The term sometimes is used for two traits in the same species affecting each other's evolution, as well as gene-culture coevolution.

Paleoproterozoic surge in atmospheric oxygen

hypothesis

thumb|right|The Pyrenean ibex, also known as the bouquetin (French) and bucardo (Spanish), is the only animal to have survived de-extinction past birth through cloning. De-extinction (also known as resurrection biology, or species revivalism) is the process of human intervention to generate an organism that either resembles or is an extinct organism. There are several ways to carry out the process of de-extinction. Cloning is the most widely proposed method, although genome editing and selective breeding have also been considered. Similar techniques have been applied to certain endangered spec

catastrophic event regarding the environment due to human activity

proposed evolutionary event in the history of metazoa

hypothetical microbial biosphere of Earth that would use radically different biochemical and molecular processes from that of currently known life

level of oxygen (about 0.3% by volume) above which facultative aerobic microorganisms and facultative anaerobes adapt from fermentation to aerobic respiration