Formative period in the Americas

The Olmecs () or Olmec were an early major Mesoamerican civilization, flourishing in the modern-day Mexican states of Veracruz and Tabasco from roughly 1200 to 400 BC during Mesoamerica's formative period. They were initially centered at the site of their development in San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán, but moved to La Venta in the 10th century BC following the decline of San Lorenzo. By about 400 BC the major centres of the Olmec civilization had been abandoned, and the population of the eastern half of the Olmec heartland dropped precipitously. The settlement density in that area remained much

mound-building Native American culture in Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States

Pre-Columbian Native American culture

pre-Columbian cultures of North America that constructed various styles of earthen mounds

The Timucua were a Native American people who lived in Northeast and North Central Florida and southeast Georgia. They were the largest indigenous group in that area and consisted of about 35 chiefdoms, many leading thousands of people. The various groups of Timucua spoke several dialects of the Timucua language. At the time of European contact, Timucuan speakers occupied about in the present-day states of Florida and Georgia, with an estimated population of 200,000. Milanich notes that the population density calculated from those figures, is close to the population densities calculated by oth

pre-Columbian archaeological culture/area in the coastal Veracruz region of Mexico, ca. 300BCE&ndash

thumb|upright=1.3|Oasisamerica cultural areas, circa 1350 Oasisamerica is a cultural region of Indigenous peoples in North America. Their precontact cultures were predominantly agrarian, in contrast with neighboring tribes to the south in Aridoamerica. The region spans parts of Northwestern Mexico and Southwestern United States and can include most of Arizona and New Mexico; southern parts of Utah and Colorado; and northern parts of Sonora and Chihuahua. During some historical periods, it might have included parts of California and Texas as well.

Pre-Columbian archaeological site in Guatemala

archaeological culture in Guatemala

300px|thumb|right|upright=1.7|The Pyramid of Flowers behind a monolithic basin on the Serpent Building at Xochitecatl Xochitecatl is a pre-Columbian archaeological site located in the Mexican State of Tlaxcala, 18 km southwest of Tlaxcala city. The major architecture dates to the Middle Preclassic Period (1000–400 BC) but occupation continued, with one major interruption, until the Late Classic, when the site was abandoned. There is some evidence of ritual activity in the Postclassic and Colonial Periods. The ruins cover an area of 12 hectares on top of a volcanic dome.

period in the archaeology of the Americas (1000 BCE – 500 CE)

Chupícuaro is an important prehispanic archeological site in what is now Guanajuato, Mexico, from the late preclassical or formative period. The culture that takes its name from the site dates to 400 BC to 200 AD, or alternatively 500 BC to 300 AD, although some academics suggest an origin as early as 800 BC.

archaeological culture in the Ohio River valley

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right|300px|thumb|Stela 1, from El Baúl, with the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar date of 7.19.15.7.12.right|thumb|A sculpture from El Baúl Cotzumalhuapa archaeological culture is from the piedmont area of the Escuintla Department, Guatemala. The Cotzumalhuapa archaeological zone is near the town of Santa Lucía Cotzumalguapa (the city is spelled with a g — Cotzumalguapa — and the culture tends to be spelled with an h — Cotzumalhuapa).

signs found on the Cascajal Block, which may represent Olmec writing

period in Maya history

archaeological site

thumb|right|upright=1.7|Location of Quelepa within the Mesoamerican cultural region