Former penal colonies

external territory of Australia in the South Pacific Ocean, consisting of the island of the same name plus neighbouring islands

Chilean city beside the Strait of Magellan

Ushuaia ( , ) is the capital of Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur Province, Argentina. With a population of 82,615 and a location below the 54th parallel south latitude, Ushuaia claims the title of world's southernmost city.

thumb|A punishment cell block in one of the subcamps of Vorkutlag, 1945 The Gulag was a system of forced labor camps in the Soviet Union. The word Gulag originally referred only to the division of the Soviet secret police that was in charge of running the forced labor camps from the 1930s to the early 1950s during Joseph Stalin's rule, but in English literature the term is popularly used for the system of forced labor throughout the Soviet era. The abbreviation GULAG (ГУЛАГ) stands for "Glávnoye upravléniye ispravítel'no-trudovýkh lageréy " (Гла́вное управле́ние исправи́тельно-трудовы́х лагере

Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni (, ; ) is a commune of French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France located in South America. Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni is one of the three sub-prefectures of French Guiana and the seat of the Arrondissement of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni. It is the second most populous city of French Guiana, with 54,429 inhabitants at the January 2023 census.

island of Chile

Cayenne's Prison in French Guiana

island in the Galápagos archipelago

special administrative region of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (island)

thumb|350px|Removing of shackles, painting by Aleksander Sochaczewski (1843–1923) Katorga (, ; from medieval and modern ; and Ottoman Turkish: , ) was a system of penal labor in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union (see Katorga labor in the Soviet Union).

British colony, later called Tasmania

British colony which later became a state of Australia

former penal colony in French Guiana

French penal institution for adolescent males

Saint-Jean-du-Maroni () is a village in French Guiana, in the commune of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni on the river Maroni. The village is mainly inhabited by Ndyuka Maroons.