Former republics

former country of Asia

French republic in Northern Italy between 1802 and 1805

1938–1939 republic in Central/Eastern Europe

former bantustan in South Africa

group of city-states, mostly in Italy, prosperous in the Middle ages

government of Afghanistan from 1973 to 1978

former country

1910–1926 republic in Southwestern Europe

state of the Federal Republic of Central America

Graaff-Reinet (; Xhosa: eRhafu; Khoe: !Xamdubu), officially Robert Sobukwe Town after a name change in February 2026, is a town in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. It is the oldest town in the province and the sixth oldest town in South Africa, after Cape Town, Stellenbosch, Simon's Town, Paarl and Swellendam. The town was the centre of a short-lived republic in the late 18th century before being annexed into the Cape Colony. The town was a starting point for Great Trek groups led by Gerrit Maritz and Piet Retief and furnished large numbers of the Voortrekkers in 1835–1842.

1935-1946 republic in Southeast Asia monitored by the United States

former country in Europe (1796-1797)

Ciskei ( , meaning on this side of [[Great Kei River|[the river] Kei]]), officially the Republic of Ciskei (), was a Bantustan for the Xhosa people, located in the southeast of South Africa. It covered an area of , almost entirely surrounded by what was then the Cape Province, and possessed a small coastline along the shore of the Indian Ocean.

former country in modern-day Italy

federal unit of Yugoslavia/Serbia & Montenegro between 1992 and 2006

republic in Central-Eastern Europe between 1945–1948

former country

Central European state between 1946 and 1949

former country

Chinese puppet government under the Empire of Japan; existed from 1940 to 1945

historiographical concept of Greece (1924–1935)

self-proclaimed independent republic, 1899–1901

former country

former country (1949–1950)

puppet state established in 1943 during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines

short-lived Boer republic (1839–1843)

Republic of Naples of 1799

Swellendam () is the third oldest town in South Africa (after Cape Town and Stellenbosch), a town with 17,537 inhabitants situated in the Western Cape province. The town has over 50 provincial heritage sites, most of them buildings of Cape Dutch architecture. Swellendam is situated on the N2, approximately 220 km (140 miles) from both Cape Town and George.

republic on the Hawaii Islands between 1894–1898

federal unit of Yugoslavia/Serbia & Montenegro between 1992 and 2006

Unrecognized state in Caucasia

former republic on the Italian peninsula between 1125 and 1555

Napoleonic semi-independent city state

unrecognised historical state in Africa

period during the Commonwealth of England under the rule of the Lord Protector

independent self-proclaimed anti-Bolshevik republic formed by the Armed Forces of South Russia on the territory of Don Cossacks against another self-proclaimed Don Soviet Republic

historical city-state in Italy

short-lived 1914 republic in Europe

Rebel state in North Macedonia, 1903

1989–1995 self-proclaimed political entity in Eastern Europe

short-lived state

short-lived republic in the Indian Ocean between January and April 1964

former country

former country

KwaZulu was a semi-independent Bantustan in South Africa, intended by the apartheid government as a homeland for the Zulu people. The capital was moved from Nongoma to Ulundi in 1980.

Qwaqwa was a Bantustan ("homeland") in the central eastern part of South Africa. It encompassed a very small region of in the east of the former South African province of Orange Free State, bordering Lesotho. Its capital was Witsieshoek. It was the designated homeland of more than 180,000 Sesotho-speaking Basotho people.

The Republic of Stellaland () was, from 1882 to 1883, a Boer republic located in an area of British Bechuanaland (now in South Africa's North West Province), west of the Transvaal. After unification with the neighbouring State of Goshen, it became the United States of Stellaland () from 1883 to 1885.

republic on the New Providence island in the Bahamas ruled by pirates between 1706–1718

former country

Lydenburg, also known as Mashishing, is a town in Thaba Chweu Local Municipality, on the Mpumalanga highveld, South Africa. It is situated on the Sterkspruit/Dorps River tributary of the Lepelle River at the summit of the Long Tom Pass. It has a long, rich history, ranging from AD 500 to the present. The name is derived from the Dutch Lijdenburg, or "Town of Suffering", and is named for the experiences of the white settlers. In Northern Sotho, Mashishing means "long green grass." Lydenburg has become the centre of the South African fly-fishing industry and is an agricultural, tourism and minin

federated republic in Germany between 1918 and 1945

census-designated place in Nevada County, California

state of the Weimar Republic

Milanese republic

former country in West Africa (1834–1857) in present-day Liberia founded by African-Americans from Maryland, U.S.

short-lived Turkish state in the Caucasus

former micronation in the Pacific Ocean

short-lived state

short-lived state in Western Thrace

1921 unrecognized republic in Europe