Gender nonconformity

Transvestism was a medicalized framework primarily used in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to classify and explain varied forms of gender-variant expression and behavior. Coined by Magnus Hirschfeld in 1910, the term included a diverse range of phenomena that later came to be understood separately as cross-dressing, aspects of homosexuality, eonism, transsexuality, and transgender identity, but was not limited to any single one of these concepts.

thumb|right|Irving Berlin's "This Is the Army, Mr. Jones", performed by cross-dressed U.S. Army soldiers (1942) thumb|Frances Benjamin Johnston (right) poses with two cross-dressing friends; the "lady" is identified by Johnston as the illustrator Mills Thompson .

thumb|right|Two-spirit pride flag

state, condition, or behavior in which a person's identity does not conform unambiguously to conventional notions of male or female sex

person who "bends" expected gender roles

Latin American gender identity, often considered a transgender, third sex, or non-binary category

medical certificate, previously issued in Germany allowing for the wearing of garments not typical to their sex

the enforcement of normative gender expressions

actors portraying characters of the opposite sex